Flight instruments, Aviation insurance, Jet engine

Kayan jirgin sama: Kayan aikin jirgin sune kayan cikin akwatin jirgin sama wanda ke baiwa matukin jirgi bayanai game da yanayin tashin jirgin, kamar su hawa sama, saurin iska, saurin tafiya, kai tsaye da sauran mahimman bayanai masu yawa a cikin jirgin. Suna inganta aminci ta hanyar barin matukin jirgi ya tashi jirgin sama a cikin matakin tafiya, kuma yayi juyi, ba tare da wani tunani ba a wajen jirgin kamar sararin sama. Ka'idodin jirgin sama na gani (VFR) suna buƙatar siginar da aka nuna ta sama, da ƙarami, da kuma kamfas ko wani mai nuna alamar magnetic mai dacewa. Ka'idodin jirgin sama na kayan aiki (IFR) bugu da pitchari suna buƙatar bankin gyroscopic-banki, shugabanci da ƙimar nuna alama, tare da alamar zamewa, skid skit, altimeter mai daidaitawa, da agogo. Jirgin sama zuwa yanayin yanayin yanayi (IMC) yana buƙatar kayan aikin kewaya rediyo don takaddama da sauka.
Inshorar jirgin sama: Inshorar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama inshorar inshora ce wacce aka tsara ta musamman don aikin jirgin sama da kuma haɗarin da ke tattare da jirgin. Manufofin inshora na jirgin sama sun banbanta da waɗanda suke na sauran wuraren sufuri kuma suna da alaƙa da kalmomin jirgin sama, da kalmomin amfani, iyakoki da sassan takamaiman inshorar jirgin sama.
Jirgin sama: Injin jet wani nau'in injin motsa jiki ne wanda yake sauke jirgi mai saurin tafiya wanda ke haifar da matsewa ta hanzarin jet. Duk da yake wannan cikakkiyar ma'anar na iya haɗawa da roka, jirgin ruwa, da kuma motsawar iska, kalmar injina galibi tana nufin injin inginin iska kamar turbojet, turbofan, ramjet, ko bugun jini. Gabaɗaya, injunan jet injina ne na cikin ciki.
Jirgin sama da aka gina: Jirgin da aka gina gida , wanda kuma aka sani da jirgin sama mai son mai son nishaɗi ko jirgin sama , an gina shi da wasu mutane waɗanda wannan ba aikin ƙware bane ba. Ana iya gina waɗannan jiragen sama daga "karce", daga tsare-tsare, ko daga kayan haɗi.
Jirgin sama da aka gina: Jirgin da aka gina gida , wanda kuma aka sani da jirgin sama mai son mai son nishaɗi ko jirgin sama , an gina shi da wasu mutane waɗanda wannan ba aikin ƙware bane ba. Ana iya gina waɗannan jiragen sama daga "karce", daga tsare-tsare, ko daga kayan haɗi.
Hasken sauka: Fitilun saukowa fitilu ne, da aka hau kan jirgin sama, waɗanda ke haskaka filin ƙasa da titin jirgin da ke gaba yayin tashin jirgi da sauka.
Jirgin saman iska: Tudun iska mai saurin tashi daga saman wani jirgi ne ko kuma helikofta daga sama wanda daga baya ya fada cikin ruwa, daga nan kuma sai makamin ya tsere zuwa inda ake so.
Shagon jirgin sama: Gidan wanka na jirgin sama ko banɗar jirgin sama ƙaramin ɗaki ne akan jirgin sama tare da banɗaki da wurin wanka.
Hayar jirgin sama: Hayar jirgin sama haya ce da kamfanonin jiragen sama da sauran kamfanonin jirgin ke amfani da ita. Kamfanonin jiragen sama suna ba da hayar jirgin sama daga wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama ko kamfanonin haya saboda manyan dalilai guda biyu: yin aiki da jirgin sama ba tare da nauyin kuɗin sayan su ba, da kuma samar da ƙaruwa na ɗan lokaci. Masana'antar tana da nau'ikan haya iri biyu: haya-haya, wanda akan yi amfani da shi na karamin-lokaci, da kuma bada-haya wacce ta fi ta saba don haya ta dogon lokaci. Masana'antu kuma suna amfani da haɗuwa da rigar da bushe. Misali, lokacin da aka bayar da hayar jirgin sama don kafa sabbin ayyuka, to yayin da jirgin jirgin saman ko ma'aikatan jirgin ke samun horo, ana iya sauya su zuwa haya ta bushe.
Hayar jirgin sama: Hayar jirgin sama haya ce da kamfanonin jiragen sama da sauran kamfanonin jirgin ke amfani da ita. Kamfanonin jiragen sama suna ba da hayar jirgin sama daga wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama ko kamfanonin haya saboda manyan dalilai guda biyu: yin aiki da jirgin sama ba tare da nauyin kuɗin sayan su ba, da kuma samar da ƙaruwa na ɗan lokaci. Masana'antar tana da nau'ikan haya iri biyu: haya-haya, wanda akan yi amfani da shi na karamin-lokaci, da kuma bada-haya wacce ta fi ta saba don haya ta dogon lokaci. Masana'antu kuma suna amfani da haɗuwa da rigar da bushe. Misali, lokacin da aka bayar da hayar jirgin sama don kafa sabbin ayyuka, to yayin da jirgin jirgin saman ko ma'aikatan jirgin ke samun horo, ana iya sauya su zuwa haya ta bushe.
Hayar jirgin sama: Hayar jirgin sama haya ce da kamfanonin jiragen sama da sauran kamfanonin jirgin ke amfani da ita. Kamfanonin jiragen sama suna ba da hayar jirgin sama daga wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama ko kamfanonin haya saboda manyan dalilai guda biyu: yin aiki da jirgin sama ba tare da nauyin kuɗin sayan su ba, da kuma samar da ƙaruwa na ɗan lokaci. Masana'antar tana da nau'ikan haya iri biyu: haya-haya, wanda akan yi amfani da shi na karamin-lokaci, da kuma bada-haya wacce ta fi ta saba don haya ta dogon lokaci. Masana'antu kuma suna amfani da haɗuwa da rigar da bushe. Misali, lokacin da aka bayar da hayar jirgin sama don kafa sabbin ayyuka, to yayin da jirgin jirgin saman ko ma'aikatan jirgin ke samun horo, ana iya sauya su zuwa haya ta bushe.
Jirgin jirgin sama: Jirgin jirgi babban saiti ne wanda ya ƙunshi launi, hoto, da kuma alamun ganowa waɗanda masu aiki ke amfani da su don jirgin su.
Jerin asarar jirgin sama na Yaƙin Vietnam: A lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam, dubban jiragen saman Amurka sun ɓace saboda manyan jiragen yaƙi (AAA), makamai masu linzami na sama-da-sama (SAMs), da masu kame jirgin yaƙi (MiG). Mafi yawan asarar Amurka da aka yi a duk yankunan kudu maso gabashin Asiya sun kasance ga AAA. Sojojin Sama na Australiya sun tashi daga yaƙi da jigilar sama a Kudancin Vietnam, kamar Jamhuriyar Vietnam. Daga cikin tsayayyun jirgi, F-4 Phantoms sun ɓace fiye da kowane irin sabis tare da kowace ƙasa.
Jerin asarar jirgin sama na Yaƙin Vietnam: A lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam, dubban jiragen saman Amurka sun ɓace saboda manyan jiragen yaƙi (AAA), makamai masu linzami na sama-da-sama (SAMs), da masu kame jirgin yaƙi (MiG). Mafi yawan asarar Amurka da aka yi a duk yankunan kudu maso gabashin Asiya sun kasance ga AAA. Sojojin Sama na Australiya sun tashi daga yaƙi da jigilar sama a Kudancin Vietnam, kamar Jamhuriyar Vietnam. Daga cikin tsayayyun jirgi, F-4 Phantoms sun ɓace fiye da kowane irin sabis tare da kowace ƙasa.
Wing sanyi: Tsarin fikafikan jirgi mai tsayayyuwa shine tsarin ɗagawa da saman abubuwa masu alaƙa.
Kulawa da jirgin sama: Gyaran jirgi shine aikin da ake buƙata don tabbatar da ci gaba da ƙwarewar jirgin sama ko ɓangaren jirgin sama, gami da gyare-gyare, dubawa, sauyawa, gyararraki, da ƙirar gyare-gyare, bin umarnin ƙaƙƙarfan aiki da gyara.
Masu jigilar jiragen sama na Royal Navy: Royal Navy ya kera jigilar jiragen sama guda uku don Jirgin Sama na Fleet kafin da lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. Rikicin Abyssinia na 1934-35 ya nuna wa Admiralty cewa yana buƙatar tashar jirgin ruwa don tallafawa masu jigilar jiragen sama a cikin sabis na aiki, kamar yadda jiragen ruwa na ruwa da masu neman lalata abubuwa suka tallafawa waɗannan nau'ikan. An fara ne tun kafin fara yakin duniya na biyu a 1939, HMS Unicorn shi ne jirgi na farko da aka gina a cikin kowane jirgin ruwan ruwa wanda zai iya "gudanar da cikakken aikin kula da jirgin sama da kuma aikin gyara baya ga damar iya sarrafa jirage daga tashar jirgin" Unicorn ya tabbatar da darajar manufar da kuma jiragen ruwa guda biyu masu tallafi, Perseus da Pioneer sun canza zuwa jirgi masu kula da jiragen sama ta hanyar sauya masu daukar haske yayin da suke kan aikin. Ba kamar Unicorn ba , majagaba ko Perseus ba su iya sauko jirgin sama; dole ne a sanya su cikin jirgin.
Binciken jiragen sama na jirgin sama: Binciken kulawar jirgin sama bincike ne na lokaci-lokaci wanda dole ne ayi akan duk jirgi na kasuwanci da na farar hula bayan wani ɗan lokaci ko amfani. Jirgin saman soja yana bin takamaiman shirye-shiryen kulawa wanda ƙila, ko a'a, yayi kama da na 'yan kasuwa da masu aikin farar hula.
Injiniyan gyara jirgin sama: Injiniyan gyaran jirgi na iya komawa zuwa: Babban mai gyaran jirgin sama gaba daya Injin Injiniyan Kula da Jirgin Sama ya cancanta Injiniyan gyaran jirgin sama (Kanada)
Injiniyan gyara jirgin sama (Kanada): A cikin Kanada Injiniyan Kula da Jirgin Sama (AME) mutum ne wanda yake Transport Canada (TC) yana da lasisi don sa hannu kan sakin fitaccen jirgin.
Injiniyan gyara jirgin sama: Injiniyan gyaran jirgi na iya komawa zuwa: Babban mai gyaran jirgin sama gaba daya Injin Injiniyan Kula da Jirgin Sama ya cancanta Injiniyan gyaran jirgin sama (Kanada)
Masanin gyaran jirgin sama: Ma'aikacin Kula da Jirgin Sama ( AMT ) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma yana nufin cancantar ƙwarewar fasaha don aiwatar da gyaran jirgi. AMTs suna dubawa da aiwatarwa ko kulawa da kulawa, kiyaye rigakafin, gyarawa da sauya jirgin sama da tsarin jirgi.
Injiniyan gyara jirgin sama: Injiniyan gyaran jirgi na iya komawa zuwa: Babban mai gyaran jirgin sama gaba daya Injin Injiniyan Kula da Jirgin Sama ya cancanta Injiniyan gyaran jirgin sama (Kanada)
Kamfanin kera sararin samaniya: Wani mai kera sararin samaniya kamfani ne ko wani mutum wanda yake cikin fannoni daban-daban na tsarawa, gini, gwaji, sayarwa, da kiyaye jirgi, sassan jirgin sama, makamai masu linzami, roket, ko kumbo. Aerospace babbar masana'antar fasaha ce.
Jerin kamfanonin kera jiragen sama: Wannan jerin masana'antun kera jirgi ne wadanda aka tsara ta Harafin Jirgin Sama na Kasa da Kasa (ICAO) / sunan gama gari. Ya ƙunshi sunan ICAO / gama gari, sunan masana'anta (s), ƙasa da sauran bayanai, tare da sanannun shekarun aiki a cikin iyayen yara. Sunayen ICAO an lissafa su gabagaɗi . Samun sunan ICAO baya nufin cewa masana'anta suna aiki har yanzu, kawai cewa wasu jiragen da masana'antar kerawa suna har yanzu suna tashi. A BC DG HL MP QS TZ
Kamfanin kera sararin samaniya: Wani mai kera sararin samaniya kamfani ne ko wani mutum wanda yake cikin fannoni daban-daban na tsarawa, gini, gwaji, sayarwa, da kiyaye jirgi, sassan jirgin sama, makamai masu linzami, roket, ko kumbo. Aerospace babbar masana'antar fasaha ce.
Masana'antu da Zane: Kamfanin Masana'antu da Zane (AMD) mai kera jiragen sama uku ne - Alarus CH2000, da Zodiac CH601, da kuma Patriot 150.
Masana'antu da Zane: Kamfanin Masana'antu da Zane (AMD) mai kera jiragen sama uku ne - Alarus CH2000, da Zodiac CH601, da kuma Patriot 150.
Masana'antu da Zane: Kamfanin Masana'antu da Zane (AMD) mai kera jiragen sama uku ne - Alarus CH2000, da Zodiac CH601, da kuma Patriot 150.
Alamar jirgin sama: Alamar jirgin sama alamu ne da sanarwa da aka zana a jirgin sama, da farko don ganowa. Nau'ikan alamun jirgin sama sun hada da: Rijistar jirgin sama, kebul na musamman wanda yake gano kowane jirgin sama Yaran mamayewa, canza launuka daban-daban na baƙar fata da fari akan fuselages da fikafikan Jirgin Kawancen Yaƙin Duniya na II, don ƙarin ƙarfin gwiwa daga sojojin abokantaka Alamar jirgin sama na soja, ana amfani da ita don jirgin sama na soja don gano ƙasa ko reshe na aikin soja Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Hungary, jerin jeri uku-uku wanda yake nuna gaban jirgin Alamar Sojan Sama ta Romania # Alamar jirgin sama, zagaye akan motocin soja da jiragen sama masu amfani da launuka na tutar Romaniya Royal Canadian Air Force, roundels da aka yi amfani da shi daga 1920-1945 Royal Air Force roundels, alamar gano madauwari da aka yi amfani da shi tun 1915, United Kingdom Rundunar Sojan Sama da Tsaro ta Sama, wani fasali ne na tsohon Royal Yugoslav Air Force roundel wanda aka karɓa bisa hukuma a 2006 Sojan Sama na Afirka ta Kudu, zagaye na karɓa da aka karɓa a 2002 waɗanda suka bambanta da Sojoji Layin jirgin saman sojan Burtaniya, lambobin serial da aka yi amfani da su don gano jirgin saman soja na mutum Amurka: Alamar jirgin saman sojan Amurka na ƙasa, jerin alamun alamun ƙasa da jirgin saman soja na Amurka yayi amfani da su Layin jirgin saman sojan Amurka, lambobin serial da aka yi amfani dasu don gano kowane jirgin soji Alamar shaidar jirgin sama na USAAF, lambar ganewa don gano rukunin da aka ba wa jirgin saman Amurka Hannun hanci, zanen ado ko zane a jikin jirgi Lambar wutsiyoyi, alamomi, yawanci akan tsaye na jirgin saman sojan Amurka, wanda ke taimakawa gano ƙungiya da aikin asali Jerin sojojin sama suna ba da alamun da kowace ƙungiyar soja ke amfani da shi, tare da misalai na tarihi.
Jirgin sama marshalling: Marshalling na jirgin sama alama ce ta gani tsakanin ma'aikatan ƙasa da matukan jirgi a tashar jirgin sama, dako ko jirgin sama.
Jirgin sama marshalling: Marshalling na jirgin sama alama ce ta gani tsakanin ma'aikatan ƙasa da matukan jirgi a tashar jirgin sama, dako ko jirgin sama.
Masanin gyaran jirgin sama: Ma'aikacin Kula da Jirgin Sama ( AMT ) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma yana nufin cancantar ƙwarewar fasaha don aiwatar da gyaran jirgi. AMTs suna dubawa da aiwatarwa ko kulawa da kulawa, kiyaye rigakafin, gyarawa da sauya jirgin sama da tsarin jirgi.
Model jirgin sama: Jirgin sama samfurin karamin jirgi mara matuki ne, ko, a game da sikelin sikeli, kwatancen jirgin sama wanda ya kasance ko kirkirarre. An rarraba jirgin sama na samfuri zuwa ƙungiyoyi biyu na asali: tashi da mara tashi. Hakanan ana kiran samfuran da basu tashi sama ba tsayayyu, nuni, ko samfuran shiryayye.
Jirgin sama: Mahimman ka'idojin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama iri ɗaya ne ga kewayawa na gaba ɗaya, wanda ya haɗa da tsari na tsarawa, yin rikodi, da kuma sarrafa motsi na sana'a daga wuri ɗaya zuwa wancan.
Jirgin ƙarar jirgin sama: Gurbataccen amo na jirgin sama yana nufin amo da jirgin sama ya yi a cikin jirgin wanda ke da alaƙa da matsaloli masu yawa na matsin lamba game da lafiya, daga matsalar bacci zuwa na zuciya. Gwamnatoci sun ƙaddamar da ƙa'idodin sarrafawa waɗanda suka shafi masu kera jiragen sama, masana'antun, da masu sarrafawa, wanda ke haifar da ingantattun hanyoyin da yankewa a gurɓataccen yanayi.
Jirgin ƙarar jirgin sama: Gurbataccen amo na jirgin sama yana nufin amo da jirgin sama ya yi a cikin jirgin wanda ke da alaƙa da matsaloli masu yawa na matsin lamba game da lafiya, daga matsalar bacci zuwa na zuciya. Gwamnatoci sun ƙaddamar da ƙa'idodin sarrafawa waɗanda suka shafi masu kera jiragen sama, masana'antun, da masu sarrafawa, wanda ke haifar da ingantattun hanyoyin da yankewa a gurɓataccen yanayi.
Jirgin Nukiliya Shirin Nukiliyar Nukiliya ( ANP ) da makamashin nukiliya na baya-bayan nan na aikin tursasa jirgin sama ( NEPA ) sun yi aiki don haɓaka tsarin tura makaman nukiliya don jirgin sama. Sojojin Sama na Sojan Amurka sun fara aikin NEPA a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1946. NEPA tayi aiki har zuwa Mayu 1951, lokacin da aka sauya aikin zuwa hadin gwiwar Hukumar Makamashin Atomic (AEC) / USAF ANP. USAF ta bi tsarin daban daban don injina masu amfani da makamashin nukiliya, tunanin kai tsaye na kai tsaye, wanda General Electric ne ya kirkireshi, da kuma Indirect Air Cycle, wanda aka baiwa Pratt & Whitney. An yi niyyar shirin ne don haɓaka da gwada Convair X-6, amma an soke shi a cikin 1961 kafin a gina jirgin. Jimlar kudin shirin daga 1946 zuwa 1961 ya kai dala biliyan daya.
Rijistar jirgin sama: Rijistar jirgin sama , a madadin haka ana kiranta da lambar wutsiya, lamba ce da babu irinta a jirgi guda, wanda taron kasa da kasa ke bukata a yi masa alama a waje na kowane jirgi. Rijistar ta nuna ƙasar rajistar jirgin sama, kuma tana aiki kamar lambar motar mota ko rajistar jirgi. Dole ne wannan lambar ta bayyana a cikin Takaddun rajista, wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Kasa (NAA) ta bayar. Jirgin sama yana iya yin rajista ɗaya kawai, a cikin yanki ɗaya, kodayake yana iya sauya rayuwar jirgin.
Darajar jirgin sama na Amurka Air Force: Raididdigar jirgin sama na Air Force na Amurka ƙa'idodi ne na ƙwarewar jirgin sama na soja da establishedungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ta bayar kuma ta bayar da ita ga jami'ai masu izini da ke shiga "jirgin sama na yau da kullun", ko dai na sarari ko kuma a sararin samaniya, yayin gudanar da ayyukansu. Bayanai na jirgin sama na USAF, waɗanda galibi ake kira da "fikafikai" daga siffar su da kuma tarihinsu, Sojojin Sama sun ba su lambar yabo don ƙwarewar nasara da gogewa. Jami'an da ke karɓar waɗannan bajoji da kuma kula da buƙatun su ana rarraba su a matsayin manyan hafsoshi kuma suna karɓar ƙarin albashi da alawus.
Hasken jirgin gargaɗi Hasken wutar gargaɗin jirgin sama manyan na'urori ne masu haske waɗanda ke haɗe da tsayi-tsayi a matsayin matakan gujewa karo. Irin waɗannan na'urori suna ba da fasali ga jirgin sama, kuma galibi ana amfani da su da dare, kodayake ana iya amfani da su da rana. Waɗannan fitilun suna buƙatar wadatar haske don bayyane na mil mil kewaye da tsarin.
Hasken jirgin gargaɗi Hasken wutar gargaɗin jirgin sama manyan na'urori ne masu haske waɗanda ke haɗe da tsayi-tsayi a matsayin matakan gujewa karo. Irin waɗannan na'urori suna ba da fasali ga jirgin sama, kuma galibi ana amfani da su da dare, kodayake ana iya amfani da su da rana. Waɗannan fitilun suna buƙatar wadatar haske don bayyane na mil mil kewaye da tsarin.
Jirgin sama na Nuremberg: Jirgin Nuremberg yana nufin labaran karya ne wanda aka ce daya ko wasu jiragen saman Faransa sun jefa bama-bamai a kusa da Nuremberg, Jamus a ranar 2 ga Agusta, 1914, kwana guda kafin sanarwar Jamus na yaƙi da Faransa.
Jirgin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na 1: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya shi ne babban rikici na farko da ya shafi yawan amfani da jirgin sama. An riga an yi amfani da balan-balan ɗin da aka haɗa a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma za a yi amfani da shi sosai don gano manyan bindigogi. Jamus ta yi amfani da Zeppelins don aikin leƙen asiri a kan Tekun Arewa da Baltic da kuma kai hare-haren bama-bamai kan Biritaniya da Gabashin Gabas.
Jirgin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na 1: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya shi ne babban rikici na farko da ya shafi yawan amfani da jirgin sama. An riga an yi amfani da balan-balan ɗin da aka haɗa a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma za a yi amfani da shi sosai don gano manyan bindigogi. Jamus ta yi amfani da Zeppelins don aikin leƙen asiri a kan Tekun Arewa da Baltic da kuma kai hare-haren bama-bamai kan Biritaniya da Gabashin Gabas.
Jerin jiragen sama na yakin duniya na II: Jerin jiragen yakin duniya na II sun hada da dukkan jiragen da wadancan kasashen suka yi amfani da su wadanda suke yaki a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu daga lokacin da suka shiga rikici da rikicin ya kare musu. Jirgin sama da aka haɓaka amma ba'a amfani dashi a cikin yaƙin suna cikin ɓangaren samfoti a ƙarshen. Samfurori na jirgin sama da suka shiga sabis a ƙarƙashin lambar ƙira daban ba a kula da su saboda sigar sabis ɗin. Ranar da jirgin ya fara aiki, ko aka fara shi idan ba a san kwanan watan ba ko kuma bai shiga ba yana bin sunan, sannan kuma asalin kasar da kuma manyan masu amfani da shi a lokacin yaki. Jirgin sama da aka yi amfani da shi don ayyuka da yawa galibi an lasafta shi a ƙarƙashin ainihin matsayinsu sai dai idan an gina sifofi na musamman don wasu matsayi a cikin adadi mai yawa. Ba a haɗa jirgin sama da ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki kamar Spain, Switzerland da Sweden ba.
Osprey Bugawa: Osprey Publishing na Biritaniya ne, na tushen Oxford, kamfanin buga takardu da suka kware a tarihin soja. Mafi yawanci mai buga hoto, yawancin littattafansu suna dauke da faranti na zane-zane, taswira da hotuna, kuma kamfanin ya samar da samfuran gudana sama da goma, kowannensu yana mai da hankali kan wani bangare na tarihin yaƙi. Osprey ya buga littattafai sama da 2,300. An fi sanannun su da jerin abubuwan maza-da-makamai , suna gudana sama da taken 500, tare da kowane littafi wanda aka keɓe ga takamaiman rundunar tarihi ko ƙungiyar soja. Osprey alama ce ta bugawar Bloomsbury Publishing.
Jerin jiragen saman sojojin Bangladesh masu aiki: Jiragen sojan Bangladesh masu aiki suna jerin jiragen saman soja waɗanda Armedungiyar Sojojin Bangladesh ke amfani da su. Don jirgin sama wanda baya cikin aiki duba Lissafin jirgin saman soja na tarihi na Bangladesh .
Jirgin yakin Biritaniya: Yaƙin Birtaniyya ƙoƙari ne na Sojan Sama na Jamus ( Luftwaffe ) a lokacin bazara da kaka na 1940 don samun fifikon iska a kan Royal Air Force (RAF) na Kingdomasar Burtaniya a shirye-shiryen yaƙi da mamayewa da mamayewa na Birtaniyya. by Tsakar Gida Babu shugaban Jamusanci Adolf Hitler ko Babban Kwamandan Sojojinsa da suka yi imanin cewa zai yiwu a aiwatar da babban harin ta'addanci a kan Biritaniya har sai lokacin da aka kawar da RAF. Manufofin sakandare sun lalata kayan jirgin sama da kayayyakin ƙasa, don kai hari kan yankunan da ke da mahimmancin siyasa, da kuma tsoratar da mutanen Birtaniyya don neman makamai ko miƙa wuya.
Jerin jiragen sama na Sojojin Ruwa na Brazil: Rukunin jirgin ruwan Navy na Brazil yana aiki da jirgin sama 89 a cikin 2009.
Armarfin Sojan Ruwa na Indiya: Armarfin Sojan Ruwa na Indiya shi ne reshen jirgin sama da kuma ƙungiyar yaƙi na Navy na Indiya waɗanda aka ɗora wa alhakin samar da jigilar jigilar jigilar jiragen sama bisa tushen yajin aiki, tsaron jirgin sama, binciken jirgin ruwa, da yaƙin jirgin ruwa na yaƙi.
Safarar shugaban na Amurka: Gwamnatin Kasar Amurka ta kula da motoci iri-iri ga Shugaban kasar. Saboda matsayin Shugaban kasa a matsayin Babban-kwamanda, ana amfani da fasinjojin soja ne kawai don tafiye-tafiye zuwa kasashen duniya, amma duk da haka Jami'an Asirin farar hula suna aiki da ayarin Shugaban kasa.
Jerin jiragen sama na Royal Australian Air Force: Yawancin nau'ikan jirgin sama sun yi aiki a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) tun lokacin da aka kafa shi a watan Maris 1921. Wannan jerin jiragen RAAF ne, wadanda nau'ikan da RAAF suka yi aiki da su suka yi ritaya. Hakanan ya hada da jiragen sama na Australian Flying Corps , Australian Air Corps da Australian Air Force . An jera jirgin a cikin jerin haruffa na sunan nau'in RAAF, sannan kuma a cikin tsari na alama a cikin wannan nau'in. Don jirgin saman RAAF na yanzu, koma zuwa jerin jirgin sama na Royal Australian Air Force na yanzu.
Jirgin yakin Biritaniya: Yaƙin Birtaniyya ƙoƙari ne na Sojan Sama na Jamus ( Luftwaffe ) a lokacin bazara da kaka na 1940 don samun fifikon iska a kan Royal Air Force (RAF) na Kingdomasar Burtaniya a shirye-shiryen yaƙi da mamayewa da mamayewa na Birtaniyya. by Tsakar Gida Babu shugaban Jamusanci Adolf Hitler ko Babban Kwamandan Sojojinsa da suka yi imanin cewa zai yiwu a aiwatar da babban harin ta'addanci a kan Biritaniya har sai lokacin da aka kawar da RAF. Manufofin sakandare sun lalata kayan jirgin sama da kayayyakin ƙasa, don kai hari kan yankunan da ke da mahimmancin siyasa, da kuma tsoratar da mutanen Birtaniyya don neman makamai ko miƙa wuya.
Jirgin sama a ƙasa: Jirgin sama a ƙasa ko AOG kalma ce ta kula da jirgin sama wanda ke nuna cewa matsala tana da matukar mahimmanci don hana jirgin sama tashi. Gabaɗaya akwai sauri don siyan sassan don saka jirgin (A / C) cikin sabis, da kuma hana ƙarin jinkiri ko sokewa na shirin da aka tsara. DHL ta kiyasta cewa AOG na iya cin kusan Yuro 925,000 a kowace rana. AOG ya shafi duk wani kayan jirgin sama ko kuma kayan gyaran da ake buƙata nan da nan don jirgin ya koma aiki. Masu samar da AOG suna tura kwararrun ma'aikata kuma suna aika sassan da ake buƙata don gyara jirgin don dawo da aiki kai tsaye. Ana amfani da AOG don bayyana jigilar kayayyaki masu mahimmanci ga sassa ko kayan aiki don jirgin sama "daga aiki" ko OTS a wuri.
Jirgin sama a ƙasa: Jirgin sama a ƙasa ko AOG kalma ce ta kula da jirgin sama wanda ke nuna cewa matsala tana da matukar mahimmanci don hana jirgin sama tashi. Gabaɗaya akwai sauri don siyan sassan don saka jirgin (A / C) cikin sabis, da kuma hana ƙarin jinkiri ko sokewa na shirin da aka tsara. DHL ta kiyasta cewa AOG na iya cin kusan Yuro 925,000 a kowace rana. AOG ya shafi duk wani kayan jirgin sama ko kuma kayan gyaran da ake buƙata nan da nan don jirgin ya koma aiki. Masu samar da AOG suna tura kwararrun ma'aikata kuma suna aika sassan da ake buƙata don gyara jirgin don dawo da aiki kai tsaye. Ana amfani da AOG don bayyana jigilar kayayyaki masu mahimmanci ga sassa ko kayan aiki don jirgin sama "daga aiki" ko OTS a wuri.
Jirgin sama: Kamfanin jirgin sama kamfani ne wanda ke ba da sabis na jigilar iska don fasinjoji masu tafiya da kuma jigilar kaya. Kamfanonin jiragen sama suna amfani da jirgin sama don samar da waɗannan ayyuka kuma suna iya ƙulla ƙawance ko kawance da wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama don yarjejeniyar yarjejeniya, wanda dukansu suke bayarwa kuma suke aiki iri ɗaya. Gabaɗaya, ana gane kamfanonin jirgin sama tare da takaddar aiki na iska ko lasisin da ƙungiyar jirgin sama ta gwamnati ke bayarwa. Za'a iya tsara kamfanonin jiragen sama ko masu yin yarjejeniya.
Jirgin sama: Kayan jirgin sama ko kayan yaƙi makamai ne da jirgin sama ke amfani da su. Ana amfani da kalmar sau da yawa yayin bayyana nauyin makamai na ƙasa zuwa ƙasa wanda za a iya ɗauka ta jirgin sama ko nauyin da aka sauke. Haɗin jirgin sama ya haɗa da iska zuwa iska, anti-ship da anti-submarine makamai.
Masu Jirgin Sama da Piungiyar Matukan Jirgin Sama: Ersungiyar Masu Haɗin Jirgin Sama da Associationungiyar Matukan Jirgin Sama ( AOPA ) ƙungiya ce ta Frederick, Americanasar Amurka mai zaman kanta wacce ba ta da riba a siyasance da ke ba da shawara game da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama.
Sashin jirgin sama: Wani ɓangaren jirgin sama wani abu ne ko kayan haɗin da aka amince dasu don shigarwa a kan jirgin sama mai takardar shaida. Amincewa ga waɗannan sassan an samo shi ne daga ikon ƙasashen da jirgin sama yake. A Amurka, Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya ce ke kula da yardar waɗannan sassan a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama Sashe na 21.
Sashin jirgin sama: Wani ɓangaren jirgin sama wani abu ne ko kayan haɗin da aka amince dasu don shigarwa a kan jirgin sama mai takardar shaida. Amincewa ga waɗannan sassan an samo shi ne daga ikon ƙasashen da jirgin sama yake. A Amurka, Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya ce ke kula da yardar waɗannan sassan a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama Sashe na 21.
Sashin jirgin sama: Wani ɓangaren jirgin sama wani abu ne ko kayan haɗin da aka amince dasu don shigarwa a kan jirgin sama mai takardar shaida. Amincewa ga waɗannan sassan an samo shi ne daga ikon ƙasashen da jirgin sama yake. A Amurka, Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya ce ke kula da yardar waɗannan sassan a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama Sashe na 21.
Aerodynamics: Aerodynamics , daga Girkanci ἀήρ aero (iska) + δυναμική (kuzarin kawo cikas), shine nazarin motsawar iska, musamman idan abu mai kauri ya shafe shi, kamar reshen jirgin sama. Yanki ne mai saurin jujjuyawar ruwa da kuzarin gas, kuma yawancin bangarorin ka'idar aerodynamics sun saba da wadannan fannoni. Kalmar aerodynamics galibi ana amfani da ita daidai da iskar gas, bambancin shine "gas dynamics" ya shafi binciken motsi na dukkan gas, kuma ba'a iyakance shi da iska ba. Nazarin aikin iska a sararin samaniya ya fara ne a cikin fahimtar zamani a karni na goma sha takwas, kodayake an rubuta abubuwan da suka dace kamar jan hankali a baya. Yawancin yunƙurin farko a cikin iska an karkatar da su ne zuwa cimma jirgin sama mai nauyi fiye da iska, wanda Otto Lilienthal ya fara nunawa a cikin 1891. Tun daga wannan lokacin, yin amfani da yanayin sararin samaniya ta hanyar nazarin lissafi, kimantawa mai ƙwarewa, gwajin rami na iska, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na kwamfuta. sun kafa tushen hankali don ci gaban jirgin sama mai nauyi fiye da iska da kuma wasu fasahohi da dama. Aikin kwanan nan a cikin yanayin sararin samaniya ya mai da hankali kan batutuwan da suka danganci kwararar ruwa, tashin hankali, da layin iyaka kuma ya zama yana ƙara ƙididdigar yanayi.
Jirgin jirgin sama: An jirgin sama matukin jirgi ko Aviator ne da wani mutum wanda yana iko da jirgin na da wani jirgin sama da ke aiki da directional jirgin controls. Wasu sauran membobin jirgin sama, kamar masu binciken jirgi ko injiniyoyin jirgin, suma ana daukar su ne aviators, saboda suna da hannu wajen aiki da zirga-zirgar jirgin sama da injin injina. Sauran membobin jirgin sama, kamar masu gudanar da jirgi marasa saukar ungulu, ma'aikatan jirgi, injiniyoyi da ma'aikatan jirgin kasa, ba a sanya su a cikin jiragen sama.
Satar jirgin sama: Satar jirgin sama , haramun ne kwace mutum daga wani mutum ko wata kungiya. Saduwa tun daga farkon satar mutane, galibin al'amuran sun shafi tilasta matukin jirgi ya tashi bisa larurar maharan Koyaya, a wasu lokuta ba safai ba, maharan sun tuka jirgin kansu da kansu kuma sun yi amfani da shi wajen kai harin kunar bakin wake - musamman a harin na 11 ga Satumba - kuma a lokuta da yawa, matukin jirgin sama ko mataimakin matukin jirgin ya yi fashin jirage; watau batun Lubitz.
Injin jirgin sama: Injin jirgin sama , wanda galibi ake magana a kai a matsayin injin iska , shine ƙarfin ƙarfin tsarin tura jirgin sama. Yawancin injunan jirgin sama ko dai injin piston ne ko kuma injinan gas, kodayake wasu kalilan suna da ƙarfin roka kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan yawancin ƙananan UAVs sun yi amfani da injin lantarki.
Jirgin sama da aka gina: Jirgin da aka gina gida , wanda kuma aka sani da jirgin sama mai son mai son nishaɗi ko jirgin sama , an gina shi da wasu mutane waɗanda wannan ba aikin ƙware bane ba. Ana iya gina waɗannan jiragen sama daga "karce", daga tsare-tsare, ko daga kayan haɗi.
Injin jirgin sama: Injin jirgin sama , wanda galibi ake magana a kai a matsayin injin iska , shine ƙarfin ƙarfin tsarin tura jirgin sama. Yawancin injunan jirgin sama ko dai injin piston ne ko kuma injinan gas, kodayake wasu kalilan suna da ƙarfin roka kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan yawancin ƙananan UAVs sun yi amfani da injin lantarki.
Matsayin gida Matsin matsuguni tsari ne wanda ake shigar da iska mai sharaɗa cikin gidan jirgin sama ko kumbon sama jannati don ƙirƙirar aminci da kwanciyar hankali yanayi ga fasinjoji da matukan jirgin da ke shawagi a tsaunuka. Don jirgin sama, wannan iska galibi ana zubar da jini daga injunan injin gas a matattarar matattarar iska, kuma don sararin samaniya, ana ɗauke da shi cikin matsi mai ƙarfi, sau da yawa tankokin yaƙi. An sanyaya iska, danshi, kuma ya gauraya da iska mai sake idan ya zama dole kafin a rarraba shi zuwa gida ta tsarin daya ko fiye na kula da muhalli. An tsara matsi na gida ta hanyar bawul din fitarwa.
Babban gatarin jirgin sama: Jirgin sama da ke cikin jirgin yana da 'yanci juyawa a cikin abubuwa uku: yaw , hanci hagu ko dama game da wata axis da ke sama da kasa; farar ruwa , hanci sama ko ƙasa game da axis da ke gudana daga reshe zuwa reshe; da mirgina , juyawa game da axis da ke gudana daga hanci zuwa wutsiya. Ana sanya gatarin a madadinsu a tsaye , masu wucewa , da kuma a tsaye . Wadannan axes suna motsawa tare da abin hawa kuma suna juyawa dangane da Duniya tare da aikin. Waɗannan ma'anoni ana amfani dasu daidai da kumbon sararin samaniya lokacin da aka tsara kumbon farko na mutum a ƙarshen shekarun 1950.
Babban gatarin jirgin sama: Jirgin sama da ke cikin jirgin yana da 'yanci juyawa a cikin abubuwa uku: yaw , hanci hagu ko dama game da wata axis da ke sama da kasa; farar ruwa , hanci sama ko ƙasa game da axis da ke gudana daga reshe zuwa reshe; da mirgina , juyawa game da axis da ke gudana daga hanci zuwa wutsiya. Ana sanya gatarin a madadinsu a tsaye , masu wucewa , da kuma a tsaye . Wadannan axes suna motsawa tare da abin hawa kuma suna juyawa dangane da Duniya tare da aikin. Waɗannan ma'anoni ana amfani dasu daidai da kumbon sararin samaniya lokacin da aka tsara kumbon farko na mutum a ƙarshen shekarun 1950.
Kirkirar jirgin sama na Jamus a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II: Mai zuwa jerin samfuran jirgin sama da Jamus tayi yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II iri da shekara. Lura cewa wasu alkaluma na iya zama ba daidai ba, kuma ba cikakke bane. An jera nau'ikan jirgin sama daban-daban daban. An tsara nau'ikan nau'ikan kusa da juna; duba tsarin sanya jirgin sama na RLM don bayani.
Mai ba da labari (aeronautics): A cikin sararin samaniya , wani attajiri , wanda kuma ake kira da iska , ya juya jujjuya motsi daga injin ko wata hanyar samar da wuta zuwa wani yawo wanda yake turawa gaba ko baya. Ya ƙunshi matattarar iska mai juyawa, wanda aka haɗa shi da ruwan wukake da dama na radial kamar yadda dukkanin taron suke juyawa game da doguwar hanya. Ila ana iya gyara farar ruwa, da hannu da sauƙi zuwa wasu manuallyan matsayin da aka saita, ko kuma mai saurin canzawa ta atomatik "saurin-saurin".
Mai ba da labari (aeronautics): A cikin sararin samaniya , wani attajiri , wanda kuma ake kira da iska , ya juya jujjuya motsi daga injin ko wata hanyar samar da wuta zuwa wani yawo wanda yake turawa gaba ko baya. Ya ƙunshi matattarar iska mai juyawa, wanda aka haɗa shi da ruwan wukake da dama na radial kamar yadda dukkanin taron suke juyawa game da doguwar hanya. Ila ana iya gyara farar ruwa, da hannu da sauƙi zuwa wasu manuallyan matsayin da aka saita, ko kuma mai saurin canzawa ta atomatik "saurin-saurin".
Jirgin sama mai ƙarfi: Jirgin da yake da ƙarfi jirgin sama ne wanda ke amfani da motsa jiki tare da ƙarfin inji wanda injin injin jirgin sama ke samarwa kowane iri.
Hardpoint: Hanya mai wuya wuri ne a kan jirgin sama wanda aka tsara don ɗaukar kaya na waje ko na ciki. Wannan ya hada da tashar da ke reshe ko fuselage na jirgin farar hula ko jirgin soji inda za a iya saka injin jirgin sama na waje, kayan yaki, kayan yaki, tura bindigogi, niyya kofofin ruwa ko tankunan diga.
Hasken mai sarrafa pilot: Hasken mai sarrafa matukin jirgi ( PCL ), wanda aka fi sani da kula da rediyo na jirgin sama ( ARCAL ) ko kuma mai kunna wuta mai kunnawa ( PAL ), tsari ne da ke baiwa matukan jirgin sama damar sarrafa hasken filin jirgin sama ko fitilun da ke zuwa filin jirgin, gefen titin titin jirgin sama fitilu, da hanyoyin motocin haya ta hanyar rediyo.
Tashar jirgin kasa ta jirgin sama: Tashar jirgin jirgin sama tana kan layin Werribee a Victoria, Australia. Yana hidimtawa yankin yammacin garin Melbourne na Laverton da aka bude a ranar 7 ga Maris 1925 a matsayin Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sauya masa suna zuwa Jirgin Sama a ranar 10 ga Mayu 1927 da kuma Aircraft a ranar 19 ga Maris 1963. An gina tashar ne don yi wa tsohon Royal Australian Air Force Laverton tushe. Layin ma'aunin ma'auni na Yammacin Turai yana wucewa a bayan Platform 1.
Tashar jirgin kasa ta jirgin sama: Tashar jirgin jirgin sama tana kan layin Werribee a Victoria, Australia. Yana hidimtawa yankin yammacin garin Melbourne na Laverton da aka bude a ranar 7 ga Maris 1925 a matsayin Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sauya masa suna zuwa Jirgin Sama a ranar 10 ga Mayu 1927 da kuma Aircraft a ranar 19 ga Maris 1963. An gina tashar ne don yi wa tsohon Royal Australian Air Force Laverton tushe. Layin ma'aunin ma'auni na Yammacin Turai yana wucewa a bayan Platform 1.
Gano jirgin sama: Gano jirgin sama fasaha ce ta gani da aka koya wa sojoji da mataimakan fararen hula tun lokacin da aka gabatar da jirgin saman soja a yakin duniya na 1. Yana da mahimmanci ga tsaron iska da tattara bayanan leken asirin soja.
Jirgin sama na jirgin sama: Jirgin leken asiri jirgin sama ne na soja wanda aka tsara ko aka daidaita shi don yin aikin leken asiri ta sama tare da matsayi ciki har da tattara bayanan sirri, sahihancin sigina, gami da awo da sa hannu. Fasahar zamani ta kuma bawa wasu jiragen sama da UAV damar aiwatar da sa ido na ainihi ban da tattara bayanan sirri na gaba daya.
Bayanan jirgin sama: Wannan labarin yana ba da bayanan jirgin sama na shekara-shekara a ƙarƙashin taken 5: airspeed, kewayon, rufi, nauyin ɗaukar nauyi, da ƙarfin injiniya.
Sake amfani da jirgin sama: Sake yin amfani da jirgin sama shine masana'antar sake amfani da jirgin sama. Ya haɗa da yankan jirgin tare da tarwatsa shi, da sake sake sassan kayansu a matsayin kayayyakin gyara ko kuma tarkace.
Rijistar jirgin sama: Rijistar jirgin sama , a madadin haka ana kiranta da lambar wutsiya, lamba ce da babu irinta a jirgi guda, wanda taron kasa da kasa ke bukata a yi masa alama a waje na kowane jirgi. Rijistar ta nuna ƙasar rajistar jirgin sama, kuma tana aiki kamar lambar motar mota ko rajistar jirgi. Dole ne wannan lambar ta bayyana a cikin Takaddun rajista, wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Kasa (NAA) ta bayar. Jirgin sama yana iya yin rajista ɗaya kawai, a cikin yanki ɗaya, kodayake yana iya sauya rayuwar jirgin.
Rijistar jirgin sama: Rijistar jirgin sama , a madadin haka ana kiranta da lambar wutsiya, lamba ce da babu irinta a jirgi guda, wanda taron kasa da kasa ke bukata a yi masa alama a waje na kowane jirgi. Rijistar ta nuna ƙasar rajistar jirgin sama, kuma tana aiki kamar lambar motar mota ko rajistar jirgi. Dole ne wannan lambar ta bayyana a cikin Takaddun rajista, wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Kasa (NAA) ta bayar. Jirgin sama yana iya yin rajista ɗaya kawai, a cikin yanki ɗaya, kodayake yana iya sauya rayuwar jirgin.
Rijistar jirgin sama: Rijistar jirgin sama , a madadin haka ana kiranta da lambar wutsiya, lamba ce da babu irinta a jirgi guda, wanda taron kasa da kasa ke bukata a yi masa alama a waje na kowane jirgi. Rijistar ta nuna ƙasar rajistar jirgin sama, kuma tana aiki kamar lambar motar mota ko rajistar jirgi. Dole ne wannan lambar ta bayyana a cikin Takaddun rajista, wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Kasa (NAA) ta bayar. Jirgin sama yana iya yin rajista ɗaya kawai, a cikin yanki ɗaya, kodayake yana iya sauya rayuwar jirgin.
Rijistar jirgin sama: Rijistar jirgin sama , a madadin haka ana kiranta da lambar wutsiya, lamba ce da babu irinta a jirgi guda, wanda taron kasa da kasa ke bukata a yi masa alama a waje na kowane jirgi. Rijistar ta nuna ƙasar rajistar jirgin sama, kuma tana aiki kamar lambar motar mota ko rajistar jirgi. Dole ne wannan lambar ta bayyana a cikin Takaddun rajista, wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Kasa (NAA) ta bayar. Jirgin sama yana iya yin rajista ɗaya kawai, a cikin yanki ɗaya, kodayake yana iya sauya rayuwar jirgin.
Rijistar jirgin sama: Rijistar jirgin sama , a madadin haka ana kiranta da lambar wutsiya, lamba ce da babu irinta a jirgi guda, wanda taron kasa da kasa ke bukata a yi masa alama a waje na kowane jirgi. Rijistar ta nuna ƙasar rajistar jirgin sama, kuma tana aiki kamar lambar motar mota ko rajistar jirgi. Dole ne wannan lambar ta bayyana a cikin Takaddun rajista, wanda Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Kasa (NAA) ta bayar. Jirgin sama yana iya yin rajista ɗaya kawai, a cikin yanki ɗaya, kodayake yana iya sauya rayuwar jirgin.
Rahoton Pilot: Rahoton matukin jirgi ko PIREP rahoto ne na ainihin yanayin yanayi da jirgin sama ya gamu dashi. Ana sanar da wannan bayanin ta hanyar rediyo zuwa tashar ƙasa mafi kusa, amma sauran zaɓuɓɓukan suma suna cikin wasu yankuna. Daga nan za a sanya sakon kuma a aika shi zuwa wasu ofisoshin yanayi da kuma sassan zirga-zirgar jiragen sama.
Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara: Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara ( ARFF ) wani nau'i ne na kashe gobara wanda ya haɗa da amsawar gaggawa, raguwa, ƙaura, da ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da ke cikin haɗarin jirgin sama da abubuwan da suka faru.
Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara: Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara ( ARFF ) wani nau'i ne na kashe gobara wanda ya haɗa da amsawar gaggawa, raguwa, ƙaura, da ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da ke cikin haɗarin jirgin sama da abubuwan da suka faru.
Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara: Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara ( ARFF ) wani nau'i ne na kashe gobara wanda ya haɗa da amsawar gaggawa, raguwa, ƙaura, da ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da ke cikin haɗarin jirgin sama da abubuwan da suka faru.
Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara: Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara ( ARFF ) wani nau'i ne na kashe gobara wanda ya haɗa da amsawar gaggawa, raguwa, ƙaura, da ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da ke cikin haɗarin jirgin sama da abubuwan da suka faru.
Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara: Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara ( ARFF ) wani nau'i ne na kashe gobara wanda ya haɗa da amsawar gaggawa, raguwa, ƙaura, da ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da ke cikin haɗarin jirgin sama da abubuwan da suka faru.
Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara: Ceto jirgin sama da kashe gobara ( ARFF ) wani nau'i ne na kashe gobara wanda ya haɗa da amsawar gaggawa, raguwa, ƙaura, da ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da ke cikin haɗarin jirgin sama da abubuwan da suka faru.
Sashin Bincike da Ci gaban Jirgin RAAF: Researchungiyar Binciken Jirgin Sama na Royal Australian Air Force (ARDU) tana shirin, gudanar da nazarin sakamakon gwajin ƙasa da na jirgin sama na yanzu da sababbi. ARDU ta ƙunshi jirage huɗu da ke RAAF Bases Edinburgh, Amberley, Richmond da Williamtown, waɗanda ke da ƙwararrun matukan jirgin gwaji, injiniyoyin gwajin jirgin da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun tsarin gwajin jirgin. Har zuwa shekarar 2016 Squadron ya kuma gudanar da gwajin jirgin sama na Sojojin Ostiraliya tare da Sojojin da ke aiki a cikin naúrar. Ma'aikatan gwajin jirgin sun daɗe suna horarwa a makarantun matukan jirgi waɗanda suka haɗa da Makarantar Pilot na gwajin Sojan Sama na Amurka, Makarantar Pilot na Naval na Amurka, Makarantar Matasan Jirgin Sama, thecole du ma'aikata navigant d'essais et de réception da Makarantar Pilot na Kasa.
Sake amfani da jirgin sama: Sake yin amfani da jirgin sama shine masana'antar sake amfani da jirgin sama. Ya haɗa da yankan jirgin tare da tarwatsa shi, da sake sake sassan kayansu a matsayin kayayyakin gyara ko kuma tarkace.
Rib (aeronautics): A cikin jirgin sama, haƙarƙari suna ƙirƙirar abubuwa na tsarin fuka-fuki, musamman a aikin gargajiya.
Alamar jirgin sama na soja: Alamar jirgin sama ta soja alama ce da ake amfani da ita don jirgin sama na soja don gano ƙasa ko reshen aikin soja wanda jirgin yake. Alamu da yawa suna cikin yanayin zagaye na zagaye ko zagaye da aka gyara; wasu siffofi kamar taurari, crosses, murabba'ai, ko triangles suma ana amfani dasu.
Alamar jirgin sama na soja: Alamar jirgin sama ta soja alama ce da ake amfani da ita don jirgin sama na soja don gano ƙasa ko reshen aikin soja wanda jirgin yake. Alamu da yawa suna cikin yanayin zagaye na zagaye ko zagaye da aka gyara; wasu siffofi kamar taurari, crosses, murabba'ai, ko triangles suma ana amfani dasu.
Rudder: Rudder ita ce hanyar sarrafawa ta farko da ake amfani da ita don sarrafa jirgi, jirgin ruwa, jirgin ruwa, jirgin sama, ko wani jigilar kayayyaki da ke motsawa ta hanyar ruwa. A kan jirgin sama ana amfani da rudder da farko don magance mummunan yaw da p-factor kuma ba shine babban sarrafawa da ake amfani dashi don juya jirgin sama ba. Rudder yana aiki ta hanyar juya ruwan da ya wuce ƙwanƙwasa (jirgin ruwa) ko fuselage, don haka ya ba da juyawa ko yashi motsi zuwa aikin. A tsari na asali, rudder jirgin sama ne madaidaiciya ko kayan abu da aka haɗe tare da ƙugiyoyi zuwa ƙwanƙolin aikin, wutsiyar, ko bayan ƙarshenta. Sau da yawa rudders suna da siffa don rage hydrodynamic ko aerodynamic jan. A kan jirgin ruwa mai sauƙi, ana iya haɗa tiller-da mahimmanci, itace ko sanda da ke aiki azaman hanin liba a saman rufin don ba da izinin juyawa ta hanyar mai hular kwano. A cikin manyan jiragen ruwa, ana iya amfani da igiyoyi, turarodi, ko hydraulics don danganta rudun zuwa ƙafafun tuƙi. A cikin jirgin sama na yau da kullun, ana amfani da rudar ta hanyar turawa ta hanyar haɗin keɓaɓɓu ko na ruwa.
Tsaro na jirgin sama: Tsaron jirgin sama yana nufin yanayin tsarin jirgin sama ko ƙungiya wanda haɗarin da ke tattare da ayyukan jirgin sama, mai alaƙa da, ko a cikin tallafi kai tsaye na aiki na jirgin sama, ya ragu kuma aka sarrafa shi zuwa matakin da aka yarda dashi. Ya ƙunshi ka'idar, aiki, bincike, da kuma rarrabuwar gazawar jirgin, da rigakafin irin wannan gazawar ta hanyar tsari, ilimi, da horo. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da shi a cikin yanayin kamfen ɗin da ke sanar da jama'a game da amincin balaguron jirgin sama.
Katin tsaro na jirgin sama: Katin kare jirgin sama takarda ce da ke koyar da fasinjoji a cikin jirgi game da hanyoyin magance yanayi na gaggawa da yawa waɗanda zasu iya tashi yayin jirgin.
Jirgin sama na jirgin sama: Makabartar jirgin sama ko makabartar jirgin sama wuri ne na ajiyar jiragen da suka yi ritaya daga aiki. Yawancin jirgi a farfajiyar ƙashi ana ajiye su ne don adanawa tare da wasu abubuwan kulawa ko cire sassan su don sake amfani dasu ko sake siyarwa sannan kuma a share su. Gine-ginen katanga gabaɗaya suna cikin hamada, kamar waɗanda suke a Kudu maso Yammacin Amurka, tun da yanayin bushe yana rage lalata kuma ƙasa mai wuya ba ta buƙatar shimfiɗa. Rukuni na 309 na Kulawa da Sabunta Aerospace a Tucson, Arizona, babban kayan aiki irinsa, ana kiransa da suna "The Boneyard".
Filin jirgin sama: Kujerun jirgin saman zama ne a kan jirgin sama wanda a ciki ake daukar fasinjoji tsawon lokacin tafiya. Irin waɗannan kujerun galibi ana shirya su ne a layuka masu gudana a ƙoshin jirgin sama. A zane na irin wannan kujeru a cikin wani jirgin sama ake kira jirgin sama wurin zama map.
Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama: Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama ko jadawalin wurin zama zane ne na shimfidar wurin zama a cikin jirgin fasinja. Sau da yawa kamfanonin jiragen sama suna buga su don dalilai na bayani kuma suna amfani da su ga fasinjoji don zaɓar wurin zama a wurin yin rajista ko shiga.
Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama: Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama ko jadawalin wurin zama zane ne na shimfidar wurin zama a cikin jirgin fasinja. Sau da yawa kamfanonin jiragen sama suna buga su don dalilai na bayani kuma suna amfani da su ga fasinjoji don zaɓar wurin zama a wurin yin rajista ko shiga.
Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama: Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama ko jadawalin wurin zama zane ne na shimfidar wurin zama a cikin jirgin fasinja. Sau da yawa kamfanonin jiragen sama suna buga su don dalilai na bayani kuma suna amfani da su ga fasinjoji don zaɓar wurin zama a wurin yin rajista ko shiga.
Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama: Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama ko jadawalin wurin zama zane ne na shimfidar wurin zama a cikin jirgin fasinja. Sau da yawa kamfanonin jiragen sama suna buga su don dalilai na bayani kuma suna amfani da su ga fasinjoji don zaɓar wurin zama a wurin yin rajista ko shiga.
Filin jirgin sama: Kujerun jirgin saman zama ne a kan jirgin sama wanda a ciki ake daukar fasinjoji tsawon lokacin tafiya. Irin waɗannan kujerun galibi ana shirya su ne a layuka masu gudana a ƙoshin jirgin sama. A zane na irin wannan kujeru a cikin wani jirgin sama ake kira jirgin sama wurin zama map.
Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama: Taswirar wurin zama na jirgin sama ko jadawalin wurin zama zane ne na shimfidar wurin zama a cikin jirgin fasinja. Sau da yawa kamfanonin jiragen sama suna buga su don dalilai na bayani kuma suna amfani da su ga fasinjoji don zaɓar wurin zama a wurin yin rajista ko shiga.
Jirgin Jirgin Sama mai Hadadden Tsaro da Tafiya: Jirgin Jirgin Sama mai Hadadden Tsaro da Tsallake Tsallake (ASIST) shine tsarin saukar jirgi mai saukar ungulu wanda kamfanin Indal Technologies na Kanada ya kirkira. ASIST ta kammala gwajin teku kafin 31 ga Yuli, 1992, kuma rukunin samarwa suna aiki tare da Navy na Chile, Republic of Singapore Navy, Turkish Navy da Navy na Amurka.
Jerin jiragen sama: Wannan jerin harbo jirgin sama ne , fada da sauran abubuwan da suka faru yayin yake-yake tun yakin duniya na II. Harbe-harben jirgin sama na faruwa ne yayin da wani jirgi ya buge da wani abu da aka ƙaddamar ko aka kora daga wani jirgin sama ko daga ƙasa wanda ya sa jirgin da aka yi niyya ya rasa ikon ci gaba da yawo, kuma daga baya ya faɗi, sau da yawa yakan haifar da mutuwar mutanen da ke ciki.
Jerin jiragen sama: Wannan jerin harbo jirgin sama ne , fada da sauran abubuwan da suka faru yayin yake-yake tun yakin duniya na II. Harbe-harben jirgin sama na faruwa ne yayin da wani jirgi ya buge da wani abu da aka ƙaddamar ko aka kora daga wani jirgin sama ko daga ƙasa wanda ya sa jirgin da aka yi niyya ya rasa ikon ci gaba da yawo, kuma daga baya ya faɗi, sau da yawa yakan haifar da mutuwar mutanen da ke ciki.
Jirgin kwaikwayo: Kayan kwalliyar jirgi shine na'urar da ke sake ƙirƙirar jirgin sama da yanayin da yake tashi, don horo na matukin jirgi, ƙira, ko wasu dalilai. Ya haɗa da yin kwatankwacin ƙididdigar da ke kula da yadda jirgin sama ke tashi, yadda suke amsa aikace-aikacen sarrafa jirgi, tasirin sauran tsarin jirgi, da kuma yadda jirgin ke karɓar abubuwan da ke waje kamar ƙarfin iska, tashin hankali, sautin iska, girgije, hazo, da sauransu. . Ana amfani da simintin jirgin sama saboda dalilai daban-daban, gami da horar da jirgin, zane da ci gaban jirgin kansa, da bincike kan halaye na jirgin sama da kula da halayen sarrafawa.
Halin Halin Jirgin Sama zuwa Masana'antu: Nunin Yanayin Jirgin Sama zuwa rafin bayanan Masana'antu sabis ne da aka samar dashi ta hanyar Sashen Jirgin Ruwa na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Amurka. A shekarar 1991, Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya ta samar da bayanai kan inda jirgin yake. Ruwan ASDI ya ƙunshi abubuwan bayanai waɗanda ke nuna matsayi da tsare-tsaren jirgin duk jirgi a Amurka kuma a zaɓi, sararin samaniyar Burtaniya. Abubuwan sun hada da wuri, tsawo, sararin samaniya, inda aka nufa, lokacin da aka kiyasta na isowa da lambar wutsiya ko mai tantancewa na mai dauke da jirgin sama da kuma jirgin sama na gaba da yake aiki kan shirin jirgin sama na IFR a cikin sararin samaniyar Amurka.
Tsallake-tsalle (jirgin sama): A cikin jirgin sama, tsalle-tsalle tsalle ne mai hawa sama wanda ke ba da damar jirgin sama ya tashi daga kan titin jirgin saman da ya fi guntu da abin da ake buƙata na jirgin sama. Ta hanyar tilasta jirgin sama, za a iya samun dagawa sama ta kasa da yadda ake bukata don ci gaba da tafiya, yayin barin jirgin ya yi sauri zuwa irin wannan gudu a cikin iska maimakon a kan titin jirgin sama. Tsalle-tsalle ana amfani da shi don ƙaddamar da jiragen sama daga jigilar jiragen sama waɗanda ba su da katako.
Fata (aeronautics): Fatar jirgin sama farfajiyar waje ce wacce ke rufe fikafikanta da fuselage. Abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu sune gillar aluminum da aluminum tare da wasu karafa, gami da zinc, magnesium da jan ƙarfe.
Gudun zane Nunin faɗakarwa shine sila mai zafin iska da ake amfani dashi don kwashe jirgin sama da sauri. Ana buƙatar silale na tserewa a duk jirgin kasuwanci inda ƙofar tsayin ƙofar ta kasance kamar haka, a yayin fitarwa, fasinjoji ba za su iya sauka daga ƙofar ba tare da rauni ba.
Aircraft takamaiman makamashi: Takamaiman makamashi na jirgin sama wani nau'i ne na takamaiman makamashi da ake amfani da shi don nazarin jirgin sama da nazarin yanayin makami mai linzami. Yana wakiltar haɗin motsa jiki da ƙarfin ƙarfin abin hawa a kowane lokaci. Yana da cikakken makamashi na abin hawa da nauyin raka'a ɗaya na abin hawa kuma kasancewa mai zaman kansa daga nauyin abin hawa yana ba da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don ƙirar mafi kyawun hanyoyin. Energyarfin takamaiman jirgin sama yana da kamanceceniya da takamaiman ƙarfin kuzari sai dai an bayyana shi azaman tabbatacce mai yawa. Darajan sifiri na takamaiman makamashi yana wakiltar jirgin sama da yake hutawa a saman Duniya, kuma yana ƙaruwa yayin da sauri da tsawo ke ƙaruwa. Keɓaɓɓen makamashi na kewayawa ba sifili ne a tsayi marar iyaka kuma yana raguwa yayin da mutum ya kusanci saman duniya. Kamar yadda yake tare da wasu nau'ikan takamaiman makamashi, takamaiman makamashi na jirgi abu ne mai mahimmanci kuma ana wakiltar shi a cikin raka'a masu tsayi tunda yana da 'yanci daga nauyin abin hawa.
Gano jirgin sama: Gano jirgin sama ko hango jirgin sama wani abin sha'awa ne na bibiyar motsin jirgin, wanda yawanci ana daukar sa ta hanyar daukar hoto. Bayan sanya ido kan jiragen sama, masu hango jiragen sama suna kuma nadar bayanai game da filayen jirgin sama, hanyoyin sadarwar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da hanyoyin jiragen sama.