Acetoacetic acid, Acetoacetyl-CoA, Acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase

Acetoacetic acid: Acetoacetic acid shine mahaɗin tsari tare da dabara CH 3 COCH 2 COOH. Shine mafi sauƙi beta-keto acid, kuma kamar sauran membobin wannan aji, yana da rashin ƙarfi. Methyl da ethyl esters, wadanda suke da karko sosai, ana kera su ne a manyan sikeli kamar yadda ya dace da yin rini. Acetoacetic acid shine acid mai rauni.
Acetoacetyl-CoA: Acetoacetyl CoA shine farkon HMG-CoA a cikin hanyar mevalonate, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ƙwayar cholesterol biosynthesis. Hakanan yana ɗaukar irin wannan rawar a cikin hanyoyin haɗin jikin ketone (ketogenesis) na hanta. A cikin hanyar narkewar jikin ketone, ba a hade shi da samun HMG-CoA a matsayin samfuri ko azaman mai ba da amsa.
Acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase: A cikin enzymology, acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.11 ) enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai acetoacetyl-CoA + H 2 Yaro CoA + acetoacetate
Acetoacetyl-CoA ragewa: A cikin enzymology, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.36 ) enzyme ne wanda ke haɓaka tasirin sinadaran (R) -3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP + 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H +
Acetoacetyl-CoA synthase: Acetoacetyl-CoA synthase (EC 2.3.1.194 , NphT7 ) enzyme ne mai suna acetyl-CoA: malonyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (decarboxylating) . Wannan enzyme din yana sarrafa wadannan sinadarai masu zuwa acetyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA acetoacetyl-CoA + COA + CO 2
Thiolase: Thiolases , wanda aka fi sani da acetyl-coenzyme A acetyltransferases ( ACAT ), su ne enzymes wanda ke canza raka'a biyu na acetyl-CoA zuwa acetoacetyl CoA a cikin hanyar mevalonate.
Acetoacetyl-CoA: Acetoacetyl CoA shine farkon HMG-CoA a cikin hanyar mevalonate, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ƙwayar cholesterol biosynthesis. Hakanan yana ɗaukar irin wannan rawar a cikin hanyoyin haɗin jikin ketone (ketogenesis) na hanta. A cikin hanyar narkewar jikin ketone, ba a hade shi da samun HMG-CoA a matsayin samfuri ko azaman mai ba da amsa.
Acetoacetyl-CoA: Acetoacetyl CoA shine farkon HMG-CoA a cikin hanyar mevalonate, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ƙwayar cholesterol biosynthesis. Hakanan yana ɗaukar irin wannan rawar a cikin hanyoyin haɗin jikin ketone (ketogenesis) na hanta. A cikin hanyar narkewar jikin ketone, ba a hade shi da samun HMG-CoA a matsayin samfuri ko azaman mai ba da amsa.
Acetoacetanilide: Acetoacetanilide wani sinadari ne mai hade da tsarin CH 3 C (O) CH 2 C (O) NHC 6 H 5 . Wannan shine sanadarin acetoacetamide na aniline. Fari ne mai kauri wanda ba shi narkewa cikin ruwa. Shi da mahaɗan da yawa masu alaƙa (waɗanda aka shirya daga abubuwa daban-daban na aniline) ana amfani da su wajen samar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi waɗanda ake kira arylide yellows.
Diketene: Diketene mahaɗan kwayoyi ne tare da tsarin kwayoyin C 4 H 4 O 2 , kuma wani lokacin ana rubuta shi kamar (CH 2 CO) 2 . An ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar ragewar ketene, H 2 C = C = O. Diketene memba ne na dangin shanu. Ana amfani dashi azaman reagent a cikin ilimin sunadarai. Ruwa ne mara launi.
Diketene: Diketene mahaɗan kwayoyi ne tare da tsarin kwayoyin C 4 H 4 O 2 , kuma wani lokacin ana rubuta shi kamar (CH 2 CO) 2 . An ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar ragewar ketene, H 2 C = C = O. Diketene memba ne na dangin shanu. Ana amfani dashi azaman reagent a cikin ilimin sunadarai. Ruwa ne mara launi.
Acetamide: Acetamide (suna na yau da kullun: ethanamide ) wani yanki ne mai hade da tsari mai taken CH 3 CONH 2 . Shine mafi sauki amide da aka samo daga acetic acid. Yana samun ɗan amfani azaman filastik da kuma matsayin sauran sinadaran masana'antu. Abun da ke da alaƙa N , N -dimethylacetamide (DMA) an fi amfani da shi sosai, amma ba a shirya shi daga acetamide ba. Acetamide za a iya ɗaukar shi matsakaici tsakanin acetone, wanda ke da ƙungiyoyi biyu na methyl (CH 3 ) ko dai gefen carbonyl (CO), da urea wanda ke da ƙungiyoyi biyu na amide (NH 2 ) a waɗannan wuraren.
Acetoanaerobium: Acetoanaerobium wani jinsi ne a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar jiki (Bacteria). Jinsin ya kunshi nau'ikan guda, wato A. noterae wanda shine kwayar cuta ta anaerobic wacce ke samar da acetate daga H 2 da CO 2 .
Acetobacter: Acetobacter nau'in kwayar halittar kwayar cutar acetic acid. Kwayar cututtukan Acetic acid suna da ikon canza ethanol zuwa acetic acid a gaban oxygen. Daga cikin wadannan, halittar Acetobacter ana rarrabe ta da ikon sanya sinadarin lactate da acetate cikin carbon dioxide da ruwa. Kwayar kwayar halittar Acetobacter an keɓe ta daga matakan ƙoshin ruwan inabi na masana'antu kuma ana amfani dasu akai-akai azaman al'adun farauta.
Acetobacter aceti: Acetobacter aceti wata kwayar cuta ce ta gram-negative wacce take motsawa ta hanyar amfani da flagella mai rauni. Louis Pasteur ya tabbatar da cewa shine sanadiyar jujjuyawar sinadarin ethanol zuwa acetic acid a 1864. Cutar microorganism ce mara kyau wacce ake samu a koina a cikin muhalli, wacce take cikin gandun dajin giya wadanda suka hada da furanni, 'ya'yan itace, da kudan zuma, da kuma a ruwa da ƙasa. Yana zaune duk inda sukarin sukari ya auku. Yana girma mafi kyau a yanayin zafi wanda yake tsakanin 25 zuwa 30 digiri Celsius kuma a cikin pH wanda ya fara daga 5.4 zuwa 6.3. Na dogon lokaci ana amfani dashi a cikin masana'antar ferment don samar da acetic acid daga barasa. Acetobacter aceti aikin dole ne, wanda ke nufin yana buƙatar oxygen yayi girma.
Frateuria aurantia: Frateuria aurantia jinsin Proteobacteria ne. An lakafta shi ne bayan masanin bioan masanin Josephan asalin Belgium mai suna Joseph Frateur. Kwayoyin yawancin sanduna madaidaiciya ne. Frateuria aurantia an keɓe ta daga tsiron Lilium auratum kuma daga anda ofan ruwan rasber Rubus parvifolius . Yana da kwayoyin cuta mai narkewar potassium.
Acetobacter cerevisiae: Acetobacter cerevisiae jinsin Gram ne na kwayar cutar acetic acid. Nau'in nau'in sa shine LMG 1625 T.
Acetobacter fabarum: Acetobacter fabarum wata kwayar cuta ce wacce aka fara gano ta daga narkar da koko koko a cikin Ghana.
Acetobacter malorum: Acetobacter malorum kwayoyin cuta ne. Nau'in nau'in sa shine LMG 1746 T.
Kwayoyin Acetic acid: Kwayoyin cututtukan Acetic acid ( AAB ) rukuni ne na Gan kwayar Gram-negative waɗanda ke sanya ƙwayoyin suga ko ethanol da samar da sinadarin acetic a yayin dawa. Kwayoyin cututtukan acetic acid sun hada da jinsi 10 a cikin dangin Acetobacteraceae . Ana amfani da nau'o'in kwayoyin cutar acetic acid a masana'antu don samar da wasu abinci da sunadarai.
Acetobacter pomorum: Acetobacter pomorum wata kwayar cuta ce ta farko wacce aka ware daga masana'antar ruwan inabi na masana'antu. Nau'in nau'in sa shine LTH 2458 T.
Komagataeibacter xylinus: Komagataeibacter xylinus nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta ne wadanda aka fi sani da ikon samar da cellulose.
Acetobacteraceae: Acetobacteraceae dangi ne na kwayar Gram-negative, na tsarin Rhodospirillales, aji Alphaproteobacteria. Ana gane nau'ikan nau'i biyu. Kwayoyin cututtukan acetic acid da karin kungiyar hade da acidophilic da phototrophic bacteria. Nau'in jinsi shine Acetobacter . Goma goma daga Acetobacteraceae sune suke dauke da kwayar cutar acetic acid.
Kwayoyin Acetic acid: Kwayoyin cututtukan Acetic acid ( AAB ) rukuni ne na Gan kwayar Gram-negative waɗanda ke sanya ƙwayoyin suga ko ethanol da samar da sinadarin acetic a yayin dawa. Kwayoyin cututtukan acetic acid sun hada da jinsi 10 a cikin dangin Acetobacteraceae . Ana amfani da nau'o'in kwayoyin cutar acetic acid a masana'antu don samar da wasu abinci da sunadarai.
Acetobacterium: Acetobacterium wani nau'in kwayar halittar anaerobic, Gram-tabbataccen kwayoyin cuta wadanda suke cikin dangin Eubacteriaceae. Nau'in wannan nau'in halittar shine Acetobacterium woodii . Sunan, Acetobacterium , ya samo asali ne saboda sunadaran acetogens, galibi suna yin acetic acid azaman kayan aiki na anaerobic metabolism. Yawancin jinsunan da aka ruwaito a cikin wannan jinsin halittar sune masu kama da iska, watau samar da sinadarin acetic a matsayin abinda suke samarwa. Bai kamata a rude su da kwayoyin cuta na acetic acid ba wadanda suke aerobic, Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria.
Acetobacterium carbinolicum: Acetobacterium carbinolicum shine homoacetogenic, mai tsananin kwayar cuta ta anaerobic wanda ke haifar da giyar aliphatic na farko.
Acetobacteroides: Acetobacteroides nau'in kwayar cuta ne daga dangin Rikenellaceae tare da sanannen nau'in.
Acetobacteroides hydrogenigenes: Hannun mahaifa: Acetobacteroides hydrogenigenes shine Gram-negative, carbohydrate-fermenting, mesophilic, mai tsanani anaerobic, ba spore-forming and non-motile bacterium daga jinsin Acetobacteroides wanda aka keɓe daga reedswamp a Qingdao a China. Acetobacteroides hydrogenigenes suna samar da hydrogen.
Acetochlor: Acetochlor shine maganin kashe ciyawa wanda Kamfanin Monsanto da Zeneca suka haɓaka. Memba ne na ajin masu kashe ciyawar da aka fi sani da chloroacetanilides. Yanayin aikinsa shine hanawa na tsawon lokaci, da kuma hana enzymes na hawan geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), wani ɓangare na hanyar gibberellin. Yana ɗaukar babban haɗarin gurɓatar muhalli.
Sulfacetamide: Sulfacetamide maganin kwayoyi ne na sulfonamide.
Benzylideneacetone: Benzylideneacetone shine kayan haɗin ginin da aka bayyana ta hanyar dabara C 6 H 5 CH = CHC (O) CH 3 . Kodayake duka cis - da trans -isomers suna iya yiwuwa don α, β - unsaturated ketone, kawai trans isomer ne ake lura dashi. Shirye-shiryensa na asali sun nuna girman yanayin motsa jiki don gina sabbin, hadaddun kwayoyin mahadi. Benzylideneacetone ana amfani dashi azaman kayan ƙanshi a abinci da turare.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Acetofilamentum: Acetofilamentum wani jinsi ne a cikin kwayoyin Bacteroidetes (Bacteria).
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Algestone acetophenide: Algestone acetophenide , wanda aka fi sani da suna dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide ( DHPA ) kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunayen masu suna Perlutal da Topasel da sauransu, magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani dashi a haɗe tare da estrogen a matsayin wani nau'i na kulawar haihuwa mai dorewa. Hakanan an yi amfani dashi shi kaɗai, amma ba a sake samunsa azaman magani ba. DHPA baya aiki da baki kuma ana bashi sau ɗaya a wata ta hanyar allura cikin tsoka.
Acetogen: Acetogen wata kwayar halitta ce da ke haifar da acetate (CH 3 COO - ) azaman samfurin ƙarshen numfashin anaerobic ko danshi. Koyaya, ana amfani da wannan lokacin a cikin kunkuntar hankali kawai ga waɗancan ƙwayoyin cuta da archaea waɗanda ke yin numfashi na anaerobic da gyaran carbon lokaci guda ta hanyar hanyar acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (wanda kuma aka sani da hanyar Wood-Ljungdahl). Wadannan ainihin acetogens ana sansu da suna "homoacetogens" kuma suna iya samar da acetyl-CoA (kuma daga wannan, a mafi yawan lokuta, acetate a matsayin samfurin karshe) daga kwayoyin biyu na carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) da kwayoyi guda huɗu na hydrogen na kwayoyin (H 2 ). Wannan tsari an san shi da suna acetogenesis, kuma ya banbanta da fermentation na acetate, kodayake duka suna faruwa ne idan babu iskar oxygen (O 2 ) kuma suna samar da acetate. Kodayake a baya ana tunanin cewa ƙwayoyin cuta ne kawai ke cikin kwayar halitta, amma wasu archaea ana iya ɗauka a matsayin acetogens.
Acetogenesis: Acetogenesis tsari ne wanda ake samar da acetate ko dai ta hanyar rage CO 2 ko kuma ta hanyar rage sinadarin.
Acetogenesis: Acetogenesis tsari ne wanda ake samar da acetate ko dai ta hanyar rage CO 2 ko kuma ta hanyar rage sinadarin.
Acetogen: Acetogen wata kwayar halitta ce da ke haifar da acetate (CH 3 COO - ) azaman samfurin ƙarshen numfashin anaerobic ko danshi. Koyaya, ana amfani da wannan lokacin a cikin kunkuntar hankali kawai ga waɗancan ƙwayoyin cuta da archaea waɗanda ke yin numfashi na anaerobic da gyaran carbon lokaci guda ta hanyar hanyar acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (wanda kuma aka sani da hanyar Wood-Ljungdahl). Wadannan ainihin acetogens ana sansu da suna "homoacetogens" kuma suna iya samar da acetyl-CoA (kuma daga wannan, a mafi yawan lokuta, acetate a matsayin samfurin karshe) daga kwayoyin biyu na carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) da kwayoyi guda huɗu na hydrogen na kwayoyin (H 2 ). Wannan tsari an san shi da suna acetogenesis, kuma ya banbanta da fermentation na acetate, kodayake duka suna faruwa ne idan babu iskar oxygen (O 2 ) kuma suna samar da acetate. Kodayake a baya ana tunanin cewa ƙwayoyin cuta ne kawai ke cikin kwayar halitta, amma wasu archaea ana iya ɗauka a matsayin acetogens.
Acetogenin: Acetogenins wani nau'i ne na kayan polyketide na halitta waɗanda aka samo a tsirrai na dangin Annonaceae. An halicce su da sarkar layi 32- ko 34-carbon wadanda ke dauke da kungiyoyin aiki na oxygen ciki har da hydroxyls, ketones, epoxides, tetrahydrofurans da tetrahydropyrans. Sau da yawa ana daina su tare da lactone ko butenolide. Fiye da membobi 400 na wannan dangin mahaɗan sun rabu da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire 51 daban-daban. Yawancin acetogenins suna halin neurotoxicity.
Acetogenin: Acetogenins wani nau'i ne na kayan polyketide na halitta waɗanda aka samo a tsirrai na dangin Annonaceae. An halicce su da sarkar layi 32- ko 34-carbon wadanda ke dauke da kungiyoyin aiki na oxygen ciki har da hydroxyls, ketones, epoxides, tetrahydrofurans da tetrahydropyrans. Sau da yawa ana daina su tare da lactone ko butenolide. Fiye da membobi 400 na wannan dangin mahaɗan sun rabu da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire 51 daban-daban. Yawancin acetogenins suna halin neurotoxicity.
Thermoanaerobacter kivui: Thermoanaerobacter kivui wani nau'in thermophilic ne, anaerobic, ba kwayoyin cuta ba.
Thermoanaerobacter kivui: Thermoanaerobacter kivui wani nau'in thermophilic ne, anaerobic, ba kwayoyin cuta ba.
Acetogen: Acetogen wata kwayar halitta ce da ke haifar da acetate (CH 3 COO - ) azaman samfurin ƙarshen numfashin anaerobic ko danshi. Koyaya, ana amfani da wannan lokacin a cikin kunkuntar hankali kawai ga waɗancan ƙwayoyin cuta da archaea waɗanda ke yin numfashi na anaerobic da gyaran carbon lokaci guda ta hanyar hanyar acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (wanda kuma aka sani da hanyar Wood-Ljungdahl). Wadannan ainihin acetogens ana sansu da suna "homoacetogens" kuma suna iya samar da acetyl-CoA (kuma daga wannan, a mafi yawan lokuta, acetate a matsayin samfurin karshe) daga kwayoyin biyu na carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) da kwayoyi guda huɗu na hydrogen na kwayoyin (H 2 ). Wannan tsari an san shi da suna acetogenesis, kuma ya banbanta da fermentation na acetate, kodayake duka suna faruwa ne idan babu iskar oxygen (O 2 ) kuma suna samar da acetate. Kodayake a baya ana tunanin cewa ƙwayoyin cuta ne kawai ke cikin kwayar halitta, amma wasu archaea ana iya ɗauka a matsayin acetogens.
Acetoguanamine: Acetoguanamine shine mai haɗin kwayoyin halitta tare da ƙirar sunadarai (CNH 2 ) 2 CCH 3 N 3 . Yana da alaƙa da melamine amma tare da ƙungiyar amino ɗaya wanda aka maye gurbinsa da methyl. Ana amfani da Acetoguanamine a cikin masana'antar resins na melamine. Ba kamar melamine ba ((CNH 2 ) 3 N 3 ), acetoguanamine ba shine mai haɗin giciye ba. Fiarin "aceto" tarihi ne, mahaɗan ba su ƙunshi ƙungiyar acetyl ba. Wani haɗin haɗin shine benzoguanamine.
Acetohalobium: Acetohalobium wani jinsi ne a cikin kwayoyin halittar jiki (Bacteria).
Acetohalobium arabaticum: Acetohalobium arabaticum shine nau'in nau'in jinsin Acetohalobium . Prokaryote ne wanda zai iya fadada tsarin kwayar halittarsa ​​daga 20 zuwa 21 amino acid a karkashin yanayin girma daban-daban.
Acetohexamide: Acetohexamide magani ne na ƙarni na farko na sulfonylurea wanda ake amfani dashi don magance nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, musamman a cikin mutanen da ba za a iya kula da ciwon sukari ta hanyar abinci kaɗai ba.
Acetohydroxamic acid: Acetohydroxamic acid magani ne wanda yake da ƙarfi kuma mai hanawa enzyme enzyme na urease enzyme a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta da tsire-tsire daban-daban; yawanci ana amfani dashi don cututtukan fitsari. Kwayar tana kama da urea amma ba zai iya yuwuwa ta hanyar urease ba; don haka yana lalata tasirin kwayar cutar ta hanyar hana gasa.
Acetohydroxamic acid: Acetohydroxamic acid magani ne wanda yake da ƙarfi kuma mai hanawa enzyme enzyme na urease enzyme a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta da tsire-tsire daban-daban; yawanci ana amfani dashi don cututtukan fitsari. Kwayar tana kama da urea amma ba zai iya yuwuwa ta hanyar urease ba; don haka yana lalata tasirin kwayar cutar ta hanyar hana gasa.
Acetolactate synthase: Acetolactate synthase ( ALS ) enzyme shine furotin da aka samo a cikin tsire-tsire da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. ALS yana ƙaddamar da mataki na farko a cikin haɗin sassan amino acid mai rassa.
Acetoin: Acetoin , wanda aka fi sani da 3-hydroxybutanone ko acetyl methyl carbinol , haɗuwa ce da ake amfani da ita tare da tsarin CH 3 CH (OH) C (O) CH 3 . Ruwa ne mara launi mara daɗi, da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi. Yana da chiral Siffar da kwayoyin ke samarwa ita ce ( R ) -acetoin.
Acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate na asali: A cikin enzymology, acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate transaldolase enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai 3-hydroxybutan-2-daya + D-ribose 5-phosphate acetaldehyde + 1-deoxy-D-altro-heptulose 7-phosphate
Acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate na asali: A cikin enzymology, acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate transaldolase enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai 3-hydroxybutan-2-daya + D-ribose 5-phosphate acetaldehyde + 1-deoxy-D-altro-heptulose 7-phosphate
Diacetyl reductase: Diacetyl reductase shine sunan acetoin biyu da ke samar da enzymes: Diacetyl ragewa Diacetyl ragewa
Acetoin dehydrogenase: Acetoin dehydrogenase (EC 2.3.1.190 , acetoin dehydrogenase hadadden , acetoin dehydrogenase enzyme system , AoDH ES ) enzyme ne tare da tsarin suna acetyl-CoA: acetoin O-acetyltransferase . Wannan enzyme din yana sarrafa wadannan sinadarai masu zuwa acetoin + CoA + NAD + acetaldehyde + acetyl-CoA + NADH + H +
Acetoin dehydrogenase: Acetoin dehydrogenase (EC 2.3.1.190 , acetoin dehydrogenase hadadden , acetoin dehydrogenase enzyme system , AoDH ES ) enzyme ne tare da tsarin suna acetyl-CoA: acetoin O-acetyltransferase . Wannan enzyme din yana sarrafa wadannan sinadarai masu zuwa acetoin + CoA + NAD + acetaldehyde + acetyl-CoA + NADH + H +
Acetoin dehydrogenase: Acetoin dehydrogenase (EC 2.3.1.190 , acetoin dehydrogenase hadadden , acetoin dehydrogenase enzyme system , AoDH ES ) enzyme ne tare da tsarin suna acetyl-CoA: acetoin O-acetyltransferase . Wannan enzyme din yana sarrafa wadannan sinadarai masu zuwa acetoin + CoA + NAD + acetaldehyde + acetyl-CoA + NADH + H +
Tsarin Acetoin: A cikin enzymology, acetoin racemase enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai (S) -matuwa (R) -matuwa
Acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate na asali: A cikin enzymology, acetoin-ribose-5-phosphate transaldolase enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai 3-hydroxybutan-2-daya + D-ribose 5-phosphate acetaldehyde + 1-deoxy-D-altro-heptulose 7-phosphate
Hydroxyacetone: Hydroxyacetone , wanda aka fi sani da acetol , sinadaran halitta ne tare da dabara mai taken CH 3 C (O) CH 2 OH. Ya ƙunshi maye gurbin maye gurbin farko akan acetone. Yana da α-hydroxyketone, wanda ake kira ketol, kuma shine mafi sauƙi tsarin hydroxy ketone. Ruwa ne mara launi, mai narkewa.
Acetolactic acid: α-Acetolactic acid ( α-acetolactate ) shine mai gabatarwa a cikin kwayar halittar sarkar amino acid valine da leucine. produced-Acetolactic acid ana samar dashi daga kwayoyin biyu na pyruvic acid ta hanyar acetolactate synthase. α-Acetolactic acid kuma ana iya decarboxylated da alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase don samar da acetoin.
Acetolactate decarboxylase: A cikin enzymology, acetolactate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.5 ) enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai (S) -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate (R) -2-acetoin + CO 2
Acetolactate synthase: Acetolactate synthase ( ALS ) enzyme shine furotin da aka samo a cikin tsire-tsire da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. ALS yana ƙaddamar da mataki na farko a cikin haɗin sassan amino acid mai rassa.
Acetolactate synthase: Acetolactate synthase ( ALS ) enzyme shine furotin da aka samo a cikin tsire-tsire da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. ALS yana ƙaddamar da mataki na farko a cikin haɗin sassan amino acid mai rassa.
Acetolactic acid: α-Acetolactic acid ( α-acetolactate ) shine mai gabatarwa a cikin kwayar halittar sarkar amino acid valine da leucine. produced-Acetolactic acid ana samar dashi daga kwayoyin biyu na pyruvic acid ta hanyar acetolactate synthase. α-Acetolactic acid kuma ana iya decarboxylated da alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase don samar da acetoin.
Acetolactone: Acetolactone ko α-acetolactone sunadarai ne tare da dabara C 2 H 2 O 2 . Shine mafi ƙarancin memba na gidan lactone amma ana iya bayyana shi azaman maye na ketene. An bayyana mahaɗin a cikin 1997 a matsayin jinsin ɗan lokaci mai jinkiri a cikin gwaje-gwajen kimiyyar kimiyyar zamani.
Solvolysis: Solvolysis wani nau'i ne na maye gurbin nucleophilic (S N 1 / S N 2) ko kawarwa inda nucleophile shine mai narkewa. Halin halayen S N 1, solvolysis na mai ba da amsa na chiral yana ba da ɗan takara. Wasu lokuta duk da haka, yanayin sitiriyomike yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar haɗaɗɗen ion nau'i-nau'i, ta yadda barin barin ya kasance yana kusa da karbobation, yana kiyaye shi da kyau daga harin mahaukaci. Musamman mahimmancin martani na iya faruwa ta hanyar halartar ƙungiyar maƙwabta, tare da ions marasa tsari kamar matsakaici ko jihohin canji.
Acetitomaculum ruminis: Acetitomaculum ruminis wani nau'in kwayar cuta ne mai dauke da kwayar cuta mai dauke da kwayar halittar kwayar halitta ta Acetitomaculum wacce aka kebe ta da jita-jitar wani bovine a Amurka. Acetitomaculum ruminis suna amfani da formate, glucose da Co2.
Acetomel: Acetomel syrup ne da aka yi daga zuma da vinegar, yana ba da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano da ɗanɗano. An saba amfani dashi wajen adana 'ya'yan itace, kodayake ba safai ake amfani da shi ba a yau. Wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa, idan aka kiyaye su haka, kamar quinces, pears, da inabi, ana kiransu aceto-dolce , wato "' ya'yan itace masu zaki da-mai-ɗaci".
Acetomepregenol: Acetomepregenol ( ACM ), wanda aka fi sani da mepregenol diacetate kuma ana siyar dashi a ƙarƙashin sunan Diamol , magani ne na progesin wanda ake amfani da shi a Rasha don maganin yanayin mata da kuma matsayin hanyar hana haihuwa a haɗe da estrogen. Hakanan an yi nazari game da maganin zubar da ciki wanda ake barazanar yi. An yi amfani dashi a maganin dabbobi kuma. An sayar dashi tun aƙalla 1981.
Tsarin Acetomicrobium: Acetomicrobium wani jinsi ne a cikin tsarin Synergistetes (Bacteria). A cikin 2016, tsohuwar halittar Anaerobaculum ta ninka cikin Acetomicrobium.
Acetomicrobium flavidum: Acetomicrobium flavidum wata kwayar cuta ce ta thermophilic a cikin jinsin Acetomicrobium. An raba shi da farko daga thermophilic, anaerobic najasa magudanar narkewar mai aiki a 60 ° C (140 ° F). Kwayar kwayar cutar gram ce mara kyau kuma tana da motsi sosai. Jinsunan da ke wakiltar kusan kashi 25% na yawan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin sirrin.
Acetomicrobium haidrogeniformans: Acetomicrobium hydrogeniformans anaerobic ne kuma matsakaiciyar kwayar cuta ta kwayar halitta daga jinsin Acetomicrobium wanda aka kebe shi daga ruwan samar da mai daga Arewacin Zangon Borough a Amurka.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Jarumi: Heroin , wanda aka fi sani da diacetylmorphine da diamorphine a tsakanin sauran sunaye, opioid ne wanda ake amfani da shi azaman magani na nishaɗi don tasirin euphoric. Ana amfani da diamorphine na likitanci azaman tsarkakakken gishiri na hydrochloride wanda aka banbanta shi da bakar heroin ta kwal, mai hada hadaddun abubuwan morphine — galibi 6-MAM (6-monoacetylmorphine), wanda shine sakamakon danyen acetylation a yayin samar da sirrin heroin na titi. Ana amfani da Diamorphine a likitance a kasashe da dama don taimakawa ciwo, kamar yayin haihuwa ko bugun zuciya, da kuma cikin maganin maye gurbin opioid. Yawanci allura ce, yawanci a jijiya, amma kuma ana iya shan ta, shaƙa, ko shaƙa. A cikin yanayin asibiti hanyar gudanarwar gwamnati galibi allura ce; Hakanan za'a iya bashi ta hanyar allurar intramuscular ko subcutaneous, da kuma ta baka a cikin allunan. Farkon sakamako yawanci yana sauri kuma yana ɗaukar aan awanni.
Acetone: Acetone , ko propanone , haɗuwa ce ta halitta tare da dabara ( CH 3 ) 2 CO. Shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi ƙarancin ketone. Ruwa ne mara launi, mai saurin tashin hankali da mai saurin kunnawa mai tsananin ƙanshi.
Makamai a cikin Star Trek: Tauraron kirkirarrun taurari na Star Trek yana dauke da makamai iri-iri, tun daga kan makamai masu linzami zuwa na ruwa. The Star Trek ikon amfani da sunan kamfani ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na shirye-shiryen telebijin da yawa-lokaci da fina-finai dozin, da kuma wasannin bidiyo daban-daban da kayan kasuwanci da aka yi wahayi. Yawancin fannoni na almara na kirkirar tasirin al'adun zamani, musamman lafazi da kuma ra'ayin kumbon sama jannati ya ƙaddamar da tokaɗɗen sararin samaniya da harba wuta, kuma ya sami tasiri sosai a ƙarshen 20 zuwa farkon ƙarni na 21. Star Trek sanannen sanannen ne har ma masana kimiyya na gaske sunyi nazarin ilimin almara na kimiyya, kuma NASA ta bayyana kimiyyarta dangane da duniyar ta ainihi a matsayin "haɗakarwar nishaɗin kimiyyar gaske, kirkirarren ilimin kimiyya wanda aka tattara daga labaran da yawa da suka gabata, kuma ya cika marubutan gyara sati-sati don bawa kowane sabon labari sabon abu. " Misali, NASA ta lura cewa " Star phakers" tatsuniyoyi ne na kirkirar lasers na zahiri, kuma sun kwatantasu da ainihin makamar microwave masu tasirin gaske.
Acetone: Acetone , ko propanone , haɗuwa ce ta halitta tare da dabara ( CH 3 ) 2 CO. Shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi ƙarancin ketone. Ruwa ne mara launi, mai saurin tashin hankali da mai saurin kunnawa mai tsananin ƙanshi.
Acetone – butanol – ethanol ferment: Acetone – butanol – ethanol (ABE) ferment tsari ne wanda yake amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don samar da acetone, n-Butanol, da ethanol daga carbohydrates kamar sitaci da glucose. Masanin ilimin sunadarai Chaim Weizmann ne ya kirkireshi kuma shine farkon aikin da aka yi amfani dashi don samar da acetone, wanda ake buƙata don yin layi, wani abu mai mahimmanci ga masana'antar yaƙi ta Biritaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya.
Chlorobutanol: Chlorobutanol ( trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol ) mai kiyayewa ne, kwantar da hankali, kwantar da hankali da rauni na cikin gida mai kama da yanayi zuwa chloral hydrate. Yana da magungunan antibacterial da antifungal. Chlorobutanol galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin ƙimar 0.5% inda yake ba da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci ga abubuwan sarrafa abubuwa da yawa. Koyaya, yana riƙe aikin antimicrobial a 0.05% cikin ruwa. Chlorobutanol an yi amfani dashi a cikin maganin sa barci da euthanasia na invertebrates da kifi. Fari ne mai haske, mai walƙiya tare da kamshi mai kama da menthol.
Hydroxynitrilase: A cikin enzymology, hydroxynitrilase enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai acetone cyanohydrin cyanide + acetone
Utearƙarar acetone: Utearfin acetone ((CD 3 ) 2 CO), wanda aka fi sani da Acetone-D 6 , wani nau'i ne (wanda ake kira isotopologue) na acetone (CH 3 ) 2 CO wanda a ciki an maye gurbin atom na hydrogen ("H") da deuterium ( nauyi hydrogen) isotope ("D"). Cikakken acetone abu ne mai yaduwa wanda aka yi amfani dashi a cikin yanayin hangen nesa na NMR.
Acetone – butanol – ethanol ferment: Acetone – butanol – ethanol (ABE) ferment tsari ne wanda yake amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don samar da acetone, n-Butanol, da ethanol daga carbohydrates kamar sitaci da glucose. Masanin ilimin sunadarai Chaim Weizmann ne ya kirkireshi kuma shine farkon aikin da aka yi amfani dashi don samar da acetone, wanda ake buƙata don yin layi, wani abu mai mahimmanci ga masana'antar yaƙi ta Biritaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya.
Acetone carboxylase: A cikin enzymology, acetone carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.6 ) enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai acetone + CO 2 + ATP + 2 H 2 Ya acetoacetate + AMP + 2 phosphate
Acetone: AcetoneISO kyauta ce mai buɗewa kuma tushen buɗe kayan kwalliyar komputa don hawa da sarrafa fayilolin hoto. Manufofin ta su zama masu sauƙi, masu saukin fahimta da karko. An rubuta shi a cikin Qt, ana amfani da wannan software ɗin don duk waɗancan mutanen da ke neman "Daemon Kayan aikin Linux". Koyaya, AcetoneISO baya kwaikwayon kowane kariya ta kwafi yayin hawa.
Acetone (band): Acetone wani bangon dutsen Amurka ne wanda aka kirkira a 1992 a Los Angeles, California, Amurka, daga manyan membobi uku na Spinout , wanda aka kafa a 1987. groupungiyar ta ƙunshi Mark Lightcap akan guitar, Richie Lee akan bass da Steve Hadley on ganguna. Ya watse bayan Lee ya kashe kansa a ranar 23 ga Yulin, 2001. membersan mamatan da ke raye sun sake haɗuwa don yin wasa, tare da ƙarin mawaƙa Senon Williams da Jason Yates, wani wasan kade-kade da wake-wake a Landan a watan Yunin 2018.
Acetone (shafin bayanai): Wannan shafin yana ba da ƙarin bayanan sunadarai akan acetone.
Acetone (disambiguation): Acetone shine sauran ƙwayoyin halitta.
Ketoacidosis: Ketoacidosis wani yanayi ne na rayuwa wanda ya haifar da rashin sarrafa ƙwayoyin ketone wanda ke haifar da acidosis na rayuwa. Duk da yake ketosis yana nufin kowane ɗaga jini na ketones, ketoacidosis shine takamaiman yanayin rashin lafiyar wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin pH na jini kuma yana buƙatar kulawa da lafiya. Mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da cutar ketoacidosis shine cututtukan ciwon sukari amma kuma ana iya haifar da giya, magunguna, gubobi, da ƙarancin yunwa.
Acetone oxime: Acetone oxime ( acetoxime ) shine kayan haɗin ginin tare da dabara (CH 3 ) 2 CNOH. Misali ne mafi sauki na ketoxime. Yana da farin farin lu'ulu'u wanda yake narkewa cikin ruwa, ethanol, ether, chloroform, da ligroin. Ana amfani dashi azaman reagent a cikin kwayoyin halitta.
Acetone peroxide: Acetone peroxide wani sinadarin peroxide ne mai saurin fashewa. Ana samar dashi ta hanyar aikin acetone da hydrogen peroxide don samar da cakuda na linzamin monomer da cyclic dimer, trimer, da tetramer. Trimer sananne ne da triacetone triperoxide ( TATP ) ko tri-cyclic acetone peroxide ( TCAP ). An san dimer kamar diacetone diperoxide (DADP) . Acetone peroxide yana dauke da wani farin farin lu'ulu'u mai dauke da kamshi mai kama da farin jini ko kamshi mai kama da 'ya'yan itace idan ya tsarkaka, kuma zai iya fashewa da karfi idan ana fuskantar zafi, gogayya, wutar lantarki, ruwan sanyi mai karfi, hasken UV mai karfi ko firgita. Har zuwa kusan masu binciken abubuwan fashewa na 2015 ba a saita su don gano abubuwan fashewar da ba na nitrogen ba saboda yawancin abubuwan fashewar da aka yi amfani da su sunadaran nitrogen ne. An yi amfani da TATP mara amfani da nitrogen a matsayin abin da aka zaba a hare-haren bama-bamai da yawa na ta'addanci tun 2001.
Hydroxyacetone: Hydroxyacetone , wanda aka fi sani da acetol , sinadaran halitta ne tare da dabara mai taken CH 3 C (O) CH 2 OH. Ya ƙunshi maye gurbin maye gurbin farko akan acetone. Yana da α-hydroxyketone, wanda ake kira ketol, kuma shine mafi sauƙi tsarin hydroxy ketone. Ruwa ne mara launi, mai narkewa.
Acetone azine: Acetone azine shine mafi sauki ketazine. Matsakaici ne a cikin wasu masana'antun masana'antu na hydrazine.
Ketone jikin: Jikin Ketone sune kwayoyin narkewar ruwa wanda yake dauke da sinadarin ketone wanda hanta ke samarwa daga sinadarin mai a lokacinda ake cin abinci mara nauyi (azumi), cin abinci mai dauke da abinci mai guba, yunwa, motsa jiki mai tsayi, shaye shaye, ko kuma a cikin nau'in cutar sikari ta 1 da ba'a kula dashi ba. . Ana ɗaukar jikin Ketone cikin sauƙi zuwa cikin kyallen takarda a bayan hanta kuma an canza shi zuwa acetyl-CoA, wanda daga nan ya shiga cikin zagayen citric acid kuma an saka shi cikin mitochondria don kuzari. A cikin kwakwalwa, ana amfani da jikin ketone don yin acetyl-CoA cikin ƙwayoyin mai mai tsayi.
Ketoacidosis: Ketoacidosis wani yanayi ne na rayuwa wanda ya haifar da rashin sarrafa ƙwayoyin ketone wanda ke haifar da acidosis na rayuwa. Duk da yake ketosis yana nufin kowane ɗaga jini na ketones, ketoacidosis shine takamaiman yanayin rashin lafiyar wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin pH na jini kuma yana buƙatar kulawa da lafiya. Mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da cutar ketoacidosis shine cututtukan ciwon sukari amma kuma ana iya haifar da giya, magunguna, gubobi, da ƙarancin yunwa.
Acetone – butanol – ethanol ferment: Acetone – butanol – ethanol (ABE) ferment tsari ne wanda yake amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don samar da acetone, n-Butanol, da ethanol daga carbohydrates kamar sitaci da glucose. Masanin ilimin sunadarai Chaim Weizmann ne ya kirkireshi kuma shine farkon aikin da aka yi amfani dashi don samar da acetone, wanda ake buƙata don yin layi, wani abu mai mahimmanci ga masana'antar yaƙi ta Biritaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya.
Acetone carboxylase: A cikin enzymology, acetone carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.6 ) enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai acetone + CO 2 + ATP + 2 H 2 Ya acetoacetate + AMP + 2 phosphate
Acetone (shafin bayanai): Wannan shafin yana ba da ƙarin bayanan sunadarai akan acetone.
Acetone cyanohydrin: Acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) wani sinadari ne wanda ake amfani dashi wajen samar da methyl methacrylate, shine mai kirkirar filastik polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), wanda akafi sani da acrylic. Yana yantar da hydrogen cyanide a sauƙaƙe, don haka ana amfani dashi azaman tushen irin wannan. Saboda wannan dalili, wannan cyanohydrin shima mai guba ne sosai.
Acetonedicarboxylic acid: Acetonedicarboxylic acid , 3-oxoglutaric acid ko β-ketoglutaric acid ne mai sauki dicarboxylic acid.
Sulfonmethane: Sulfonmethane wani sinadari ne wanda Eugen Baumann ya fara hada shi a shekarar 1888 kuma Alfred Kast ya gabatar dashi a matsayin magani na rashin lafiyar jiki daga baya, amma yanzu sabbin magunguna masu aminci sun maye gurbinsa. Bayyanar sa ko dai a cikin lu'ulu'u ne mara launi ko foda. A Amurka, an tsara shi azaman Jadawalin III magani a cikin Dokar Sarrafa Abubuwa.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane: 2,2-Dimethoxypropane ( DMP ) mahaɗin tsari ne tare da dabara (CH 3 ) 2 C (OCH 3 ) 2 . Ruwa mara launi, shine samfurin sandaro na acetone da methanol. Ana amfani da DMP azaman abin shafa ruwa a cikin halayen mai tasiri na ruwa. Bayan haɓakar acid-catalyzed, DMP yana amsar yawa da ruwa don samar da acetone da methanol. Ana iya amfani da wannan kayan don ƙayyade adadin ruwa a cikin samfurin, madadin zuwa hanyar Karl Fischer.
Acetone – butanol – ethanol ferment: Acetone – butanol – ethanol (ABE) ferment tsari ne wanda yake amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don samar da acetone, n-Butanol, da ethanol daga carbohydrates kamar sitaci da glucose. Masanin ilimin sunadarai Chaim Weizmann ne ya kirkireshi kuma shine farkon aikin da aka yi amfani dashi don samar da acetone, wanda ake buƙata don yin layi, wani abu mai mahimmanci ga masana'antar yaƙi ta Biritaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya.
Hexafluoroacetone: Hexafluoroacetone (HFA) mahaɗan sinadarai ne tare da dabara (CF 3 ) 2 CO. Ya kasance kwatankwacin tsarin acetone; duk da haka, tasirinsa ya bambanta sosai. Ba shi da launi, hygroscopic, nonflammable, mai matukar tasiri mai sarrafa iska mai ƙanshi. Mafi yawan nau'ikan wannan sinadarin shine hexafluoroacetone sesquihydrate (1.5 H 2 O) , wanda shine hemihydrate na hexafluoropropane-2,2-diol (F 3 C) 2 C (OH) 2 , geminal diol.
Acetone imine: Imetin Acetone , ko 2-propanimine wani sinadari ne na kwayar halitta kuma imine tare da tsarin sunadarai (CH 3 ) 2 CNH. Ruwa ne mai walƙiya da mai saurin kunnawa a zazzabin ɗaki. Shine mafi sauki ketimine. Wannan rukunin yafi ba da sha'awar ilimi.
Acetoacetic acid: Acetoacetic acid shine mahaɗin tsari tare da dabara CH 3 COCH 2 COOH. Shine mafi sauƙi beta-keto acid, kuma kamar sauran membobin wannan aji, yana da rashin ƙarfi. Methyl da ethyl esters, wadanda suke da karko sosai, ana kera su ne a manyan sikeli kamar yadda ya dace da yin rini. Acetoacetic acid shine acid mai rauni.
Acetone oxime: Acetone oxime ( acetoxime ) shine kayan haɗin ginin tare da dabara (CH 3 ) 2 CNOH. Misali ne mafi sauki na ketoxime. Yana da farin farin lu'ulu'u wanda yake narkewa cikin ruwa, ethanol, ether, chloroform, da ligroin. Ana amfani dashi azaman reagent a cikin kwayoyin halitta.
Acetone peroxide: Acetone peroxide wani sinadarin peroxide ne mai saurin fashewa. Ana samar dashi ta hanyar aikin acetone da hydrogen peroxide don samar da cakuda na linzamin monomer da cyclic dimer, trimer, da tetramer. Trimer sananne ne da triacetone triperoxide ( TATP ) ko tri-cyclic acetone peroxide ( TCAP ). An san dimer kamar diacetone diperoxide (DADP) . Acetone peroxide yana dauke da wani farin farin lu'ulu'u mai dauke da kamshi mai kama da farin jini ko kamshi mai kama da 'ya'yan itace idan ya tsarkaka, kuma zai iya fashewa da karfi idan ana fuskantar zafi, gogayya, wutar lantarki, ruwan sanyi mai karfi, hasken UV mai karfi ko firgita. Har zuwa kusan masu binciken abubuwan fashewa na 2015 ba a saita su don gano abubuwan fashewar da ba na nitrogen ba saboda yawancin abubuwan fashewar da aka yi amfani da su sunadaran nitrogen ne. An yi amfani da TATP mara amfani da nitrogen a matsayin abin da aka zaba a hare-haren bama-bamai da yawa na ta'addanci tun 2001.
Acetone tsarins: Acetone thiosemicarbazone wani sinadari ne mai hade da tsarin kwayoyin C 4 H 9 N 3 S. Ana amfani dashi a masana'antar robobi wajen kera polyvinyl chloride (PVC) don dakatar da aikin polymerization.
Acetone tsarins: Acetone thiosemicarbazone wani sinadari ne mai hade da tsarin kwayoyin C 4 H 9 N 3 S. Ana amfani dashi a masana'antar robobi wajen kera polyvinyl chloride (PVC) don dakatar da aikin polymerization.
Acetone cyanohydrin: Acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) wani sinadari ne wanda ake amfani dashi wajen samar da methyl methacrylate, shine mai kirkirar filastik polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), wanda akafi sani da acrylic. Yana yantar da hydrogen cyanide a sauƙaƙe, don haka ana amfani dashi azaman tushen irin wannan. Saboda wannan dalili, wannan cyanohydrin shima mai guba ne sosai.
Acetone cyanohydrin: Acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) wani sinadari ne wanda ake amfani dashi wajen samar da methyl methacrylate, shine mai kirkirar filastik polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), wanda akafi sani da acrylic. Yana yantar da hydrogen cyanide a sauƙaƙe, don haka ana amfani dashi azaman tushen irin wannan. Saboda wannan dalili, wannan cyanohydrin shima mai guba ne sosai.
Acetonedicarboxylic acid: Acetonedicarboxylic acid , 3-oxoglutaric acid ko β-ketoglutaric acid ne mai sauki dicarboxylic acid.
Acetonema: Acetonema nau'in kwayar halitta ne a cikin dangin Veillonellaceae. Yana da H 2 -oxidizing CO 2 -rano acetogenic tsananin anaerobic endospore-form Gram-negative motile sandal-shaped, ware daga gut abun ciki na itace-ciyar lokaci mai suna Pterotermes occidentis . Kwayoyin suna da tabbataccen catalase, marasa kyau na oxygenase, kuma suna da kashi 51.5 cikin ɗari G + C a cikin DNA. Yanayin mafi kyau don haɓaka akan H 2 + CO 2 suna a digiri 30-33 C da pH (na farko) 7.8. Acetonema longum shine nau'in jinsi a cikin jinsi.