Esmeraldas woodstar, Little woodstar, Gorgeted woodstar

Esmeraldas itace: Itacen sararin samaniya na Esmeraldas baƙon abu ne, nau'in nau'in hummingbird a cikin dangin Trochilidae. Akwai jinsuna daban-daban guda shida a cikin jinsin halittar itace . Mafi yawansu basuyi karatun boko ba saboda kankantar su, kwatankwacin kamance da juna, da rashi. Itacen Esmeraldas na ɗayan mafi ƙarancin nau'in tsuntsaye. Suna da dimorphic jima'i. Babban banbanci tsakanin jinsi shine cewa maza suna da makogwaro mai danshi mai haske. Ana samun bishiyun Esmeraldas ne kawai a gaɓar Tekun Pacific ta yammacin Ecuador a cikin yanke hukunci zuwa dazuzzuka masu ƙarancin ganye. Suna ciyar da itaciyar furannin bishiyu da bishiyoyi. Babban barazanar da ke tattare da wannan nau'in itace sare bishiyoyi. Itacen katako na Esmeraldas yana da rauni kuma yana buƙatar kariyar wurin zama.
Staramar itace: A kadan woodstar, colibri bourdon, colibrí abejorro, ko estrellita chica ne jinsunan hummingbird a cikin iyali Trochilidae. Ana samunsa a Colombia, Ecuador da Peru.
Itace itace: Itacen bishiyar itacen gorgeted itace nau'in tsuntsaye mai suna hummingbird a cikin dangin Trochilidae, ana samunta ne a ƙasashen Colombia da Venezuela, sannan kuma akwai keɓaɓɓun mazaunan Ecuador. Mahalukanta na asali sune gandun daji na danshi mai raƙuman ruwa ko kuma yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin tsohon daji. Wannan nau'ikan ya fi son yankunan dazuzzuka sosai amma ana iya ganinsu a bishiyoyi masu furanni a cikin lambuna da kuma buɗe ido. Ana yin wutsiya akai-akai yayin ciyarwa.
Farin-itace mai farin ciki: Farin itace mai farin ciki shine nau'in tsuntsaye na hummingbird a cikin iyalin Trochilidae.
Acestrus: Acestrus ɗan halaye ne da suka rayu a lokacin ƙarancin Eocene a Turai.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesulfame potassium: Acesulfame potassium , wanda aka fi sani da acesulfame K ko Ace K , shine mai maye gurbin sukari wanda ba shi da kalori sau da yawa ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Sunett da Sweet One . A Tarayyar Turai, an san shi a ƙarƙashin lambar E E50 . An gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin 1967 ta masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna na Jamusanci Karl Clauss a Hoechst AG. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, acesulfame potassium shine gishirin potassium na 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 (3 H ) -one 2,2-dioxide. Yana da wani farin crystalline foda tare da kwayoyin dabara C 4 H 4 KYAU 4 S da nauyin kwayoyin na 201.24 g / mol.
Acesur: Acesur kamfani ne mai faɗakarwa a cikin ɓangaren man zaitun a Spain, tare da rarar babban birnin Spain 100% kuma a saman biyar a tsarin duniya. Ayyukanta sun ta'allaka ne akan samarwa, tacewa, kwalabe, tallatawa da fitarwa na man zaitun da man kayan lambu da zaituni, gonakin inabi, biredi, mayonnaise da kayan ƙamshi. Ya mallaki shahararrun shahararru kamar La Espaṅola, Coosur da Al Amir. Hakanan an ba Acesur lambar yabo mai yawa kamar lambar yabo ta Aster ga kwadagon kamfanin ko kuma mafi kyawun kamfanin.
Karina: Theophylline , wanda aka fi sani da 1,3-dimethylxanthine , magani ne mai hana amfani da phosphodiesterase wanda ake amfani da shi wajen maganin cututtukan da suka shafi numfashi kamar cututtukan huhu da ke ci gaba (COPD) da asma a ƙarƙashin wasu sunaye iri daban-daban. A matsayin memba na dangin xanthine, yana da kamanceceniya da tsarin magunguna da theobromine da maganin kafeyin, kuma ana samun sa cikin yanayi, kasancewar yana cikin shayi da koko. Amountananan adadin theophylline yana ɗayan samfuran aikin maganin kafeyin na rayuwa a cikin hanta.
Phenyltoloxamine: Phenyltoloxamine wani maganin antihistamine ne wanda ke haifar da larura da rashin lafiya. Ana samun sa a hade tare da wasu kwayoyi kamar paracetamol (acetominophen).
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Tsarin: Acetabulum wuri ne na kwankwaso. Shugaban femur ya sadu da ƙashin ƙugu a cikin acetabulum, yana kafa haɗin haɗin hip.
Tsarin: Acetabulum wuri ne na kwankwaso. Shugaban femur ya sadu da ƙashin ƙugu a cikin acetabulum, yana kafa haɗin haɗin hip.
Hip: A cikin jikin jikin mutum, hip yana nufin ko dai yankin anatomical ko haɗin gwiwa.
Jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini: Maganin jijiyoyin jini na iya nufin daya daga cikin jijiyoyi guda shida a cikin kafar mutum, wanda akasarinsu anastomose a yankin gwiwa.
Branchungiyar Acetabular na medial circumflex femoral artery: Branchungiyar acetabular wani jiji ne a cikin ƙugu wanda ya taso daga jijiyar ƙwararruwar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun mata a gaban ƙwararren acetabular kuma ya shiga haɗin haɗin gwiwa a ƙarƙashin haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfani tare da reshe mai laushi daga jijiyar obturator. Yana ba da kitse a ƙasan acetabulum, kuma ana cigaba da shi tare da jijiyar zuwa ƙashin mace.
Acosabular fossa: Acosabular fossa shine fossa wanda yake a tsakiyar acetabulum. An shagaltar da shi da jijiyar kan mace.
Kashewar Acetabular: Rushewar acetabulum na faruwa lokacin da aka tura kan femur zuwa ƙashin ƙugu. Wannan raunin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar duka zuwa gefe ko gaba na gwiwa kuma sau da yawa yakan faru ne azaman rauni na dashboard tare da raunin femur.
Sauyawar Hip: Sauyawar Hip hanya ce ta aikin tiyata wacce aka maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa da dashen roba, wato, ƙugu na hanji . Za'a iya yin aikin tiyatar hip a matsayin cikakken maye gurbin ko maye gurbin hemi (rabi). Irin wannan aikin maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa ana gudanar da shi gaba ɗaya don taimakawa ciwo na amosanin gabbai ko kuma a wasu ɓarna. Cikakken maye gurbin hanji ya ƙunshi maye gurbin duka acetabulum da shugaban mata yayin da hemiarthroplasty gabaɗaya kawai ya maye gurbin femoral head. Sauya ƙyallen ciki a halin yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da ake gudanarwa na kashin baya, kodayake gamsuwa da haƙuri gajere da kuma dogon lokaci ya bambanta sosai. Kimanin kashi 58% na jimlar maye gurbin hip an kiyasta zai ɗauki shekaru 25. Matsakaicin kudin da aka samu na maye gurbin duka kwankwaso a shekarar 2012 shine $ 40,364 a Amurka, kuma kusan $ 7,700 zuwa $ 12,000 a yawancin kasashen Turai.
Labet na Acetabular: Labrum acetabular shine zobe na guringuntsi wanda ke kewaye da acetabulum na hip. Yankin da ke gaba yana da rauni yayin da labrum ke hawaye.
Etaramar Acetabular: Acaramar acetabular ƙira ce mai zurfin gaske a cikin acetabulum na ƙashin ƙugu. Gwargwadon ƙwayar acetabular yana ci gaba tare da madauwari wanda ba ma'anarsa ba, fossa acetabular, a ƙasan kogon: wannan ɓacin ran yana cike da yawan buɗe ido, kuma yana kwana mai kiba.
Acetabularia: Acetabularia shine nau'in algae na kore a cikin iyali Polyphysaceae, Yawanci ana samunsa a cikin ruwa mai zurfin ciki, Acetabularia wata kwayar halitta ce mai rai guda ɗaya, amma mai girman gaske a cikin tsari kuma mai rikitarwa, yana mai da ita kyakkyawar ƙirar ƙirar ƙwayoyin halitta. A cikin tsari, Acetabularia da ta balaga tana kama da zagaye ganye na nasturtium, yana da tsayi 0,5 zuwa 10 cm kuma yana da ɓangarori uku na anatomical: rhizoid na ƙasa wanda yake kama da gajerun tushe; dogon tsalle a tsakiya; da laima mafi girma na rassa waɗanda zasu iya haɗawa cikin hular. Ba kamar sauran manyan kwayoyin halittun unicellular ba, wadanda suke da yawa, Acetabularia tana da cibiya guda daya, wacce take a cikin rhizoid kuma tana ba wa kwayar damar sake farfadowa gaba daya idan aka cire hularta. Hakanan ana iya musayar ƙafafun Acetabularia biyu, koda daga jinsuna biyu daban-daban. Kari akan haka, idan aka cire wani yanki daga cikin kara, ba tare da samun damar zuwa tsakiya a cikin rhizoid ba, wannan yanki mai tsinkayen zai kuma bunkasa sabon hutu.
Tsarin acetabularia: Acetabularia acetabulum wani nau'in koren alga ne a cikin dangin Polyphysaceae. Ana samun sa a cikin Tekun Bahar Rum a zurfin mita daya zuwa biyu.
Tsarin acetabularia: Acetabularia caliculus , laima alga, wani nau'in koren alga ne wanda ake samu a cikin teku mai zurfin yanayi da na wurare masu zafi. Yawanci yakan tsiro ne akan tsakuwa, bawo ko gutsuttsuren dutse, kuma galibi ana samunsa a cikin ciyawar teku, kan laka da kuma murjani, a cikin ɗakuna da girma akan tushen bishiyar mangroves. Kowane ɗayan thallus ya ƙunshi tantanin halitta guda ɗaya tare da tsayi mai tsayi da madaidaicin ƙoƙon mai kamala ko kuma shimfidar faifai.
Tsarin acetabularia: Acetabularia caliculus , laima alga, wani nau'in koren alga ne wanda ake samu a cikin teku mai zurfin yanayi da na wurare masu zafi. Yawanci yakan tsiro ne akan tsakuwa, bawo ko gutsuttsuren dutse, kuma galibi ana samunsa a cikin ciyawar teku, kan laka da kuma murjani, a cikin ɗakuna da girma akan tushen bishiyar mangroves. Kowane ɗayan thallus ya ƙunshi tantanin halitta guda ɗaya tare da tsayi mai tsayi da madaidaicin ƙoƙon mai kamala ko kuma shimfidar faifai.
Acetabularia crenulata: Acetabularia crenulata , daya daga cikin nau'o'in da yawa da aka sani da giya mai ruwan inabi , wani nau'i ne na koren alga gaba daya wanda ake samu a cikin tekuna masu zafi. Ana iya samun shi yana girma a yalwace tare da shimfida babbar hanyar babbar hanyar zuwa Key West, Florida da ke kan iyakar Florida Bay. An yi amfani dashi a cikin wasu mahimman bincike game da makaman nukiliya da alaƙar cytoplasmic. Yayin rayuwarta tana da babbar cibiya.
Tsarin: Acetabulum wuri ne na kwankwaso. Shugaban femur ya sadu da ƙashin ƙugu a cikin acetabulum, yana kafa haɗin haɗin hip.
Hip: A cikin jikin jikin mutum, hip yana nufin ko dai yankin anatomical ko haɗin gwiwa.
Tsarin: Acetabulum wuri ne na kwankwaso. Shugaban femur ya sadu da ƙashin ƙugu a cikin acetabulum, yana kafa haɗin haɗin hip.
Acetabulum (kofin): A cikin cin abinci na d, a, acetabulum ya kasance ƙoƙon ruwan inabi, wanda, daga sha'awar Helenawa da Romawa don ruwan inabi, mai yiwuwa ana sanya shi a kan teburin a lokacin cin abinci don tsoma abincin a ciki kafin cin shi. Jirgin yana da faɗi kuma buɗe a sama; sannan kuma an sanya sunan ga dukkan kofuna waɗanda suka yi kama da shi a girma da sifa, ga duk wani amfani da za a iya amfani da shi. Hakanan an kira kofunan da 'yan fasa kwauri ke amfani da su wajen wasan kwaikwayon da wannan sunan. Sun kasance kayan ƙasa, amma wani lokacin gilashi, azurfa, tagulla, ko zinariya. A cikin jikin mutum, saboda fasalinsa, acetabulum shine wurin ƙashin ƙugu wanda ya sadu da kan femur, ya zama haɗin gwiwa.
Acetabulum (ilimin halittu): Acetabulum a invertebrate zoology sigar mahaifa ce mai siffar kayan miya a wasu tsutsotsi masu annelid da flatworms. Suwararren tsotsa ne na musamman don daidaitawar parasitic a cikin trematodes wanda tsutsotsi ke iya haɗawa akan rundunar. A cikin annelids, yana da asali gaɓoɓi na locomotory don haɗawa zuwa sashin ƙasa. Har ila yau sunan ya shafi kayan haɗakarwa a kan hannayen molluscs kamar squid, dorinar ruwa, kifin kifi, Nautilus , da sauransu.
Acetabulum (naúrar): A cikin ma'aunin Roman na d cient a, acetabulum ya kasance gwargwadon ƙarar da tayi daidai da Girkanci ὀξύβαφον. Ya kasance kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na hemina sabili da haka kashi ɗaya cikin takwas na sextarius. Ya ƙunshi nauyin a cikin ruwa na Attic drachmae goma sha biyar.
Acetabulum (naúrar): A cikin ma'aunin Roman na d cient a, acetabulum ya kasance gwargwadon ƙarar da tayi daidai da Girkanci ὀξύβαφον. Ya kasance kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na hemina sabili da haka kashi ɗaya cikin takwas na sextarius. Ya ƙunshi nauyin a cikin ruwa na Attic drachmae goma sha biyar.
Kashewar Acetabular: Rushewar acetabulum na faruwa lokacin da aka tura kan femur zuwa ƙashin ƙugu. Wannan raunin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar duka zuwa gefe ko gaba na gwiwa kuma sau da yawa yakan faru ne azaman rauni na dashboard tare da raunin femur.
Aceperone: Aceperone magani ne na neuroleptic na ajin butyrophenone. Magungunan blo-noradrenergic ne wanda ke toshewa daga Janssen Pharmaceutica a cikin 1960s.
Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine , wanda aka fi sani da N -acetylcysteine ( NAC ), magani ne wanda ake amfani da shi don magance paracetamol (acetaminophen) wuce gona da iri, da kuma sassauta laka mai kauri a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan bronchopulmonary na yau da kullun kamar ciwon huhu da mashako. Ana iya ɗauke shi ta hanji, ta baki, ko kuma shaƙa kamar hazo. Wasu mutane suna amfani da shi azaman abincin abincin.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Acetal: Acetal ƙungiya ce mai aiki tare da haɗin R 2 C (OR ') 2 ). Anan, rukunin R na iya zama gutsuttsura abubuwa (ƙwayar atom, tare da wasu nau'ikan atom da ke haɗe da hakan) ko hydrogen, yayin da ƙungiyoyin R dole ne su zama gutsuttsurar kwayoyin ba hydrogen. Groupsungiyoyin R 'biyu na iya zama daidai da junan su ("acetal symmetric") ko a'a ("acetal gauraye"). Acetals an kirkiresu daga kuma za'a iya canzawa zuwa aldehydes ko ketones kuma suna da irin yanayin hadawan abu a tsakiyar carbon, amma suna da kwarin gwiwa daban-daban na sinadarai da amsawa idan aka kwatanta da mahaɗan carbonyl masu kama da juna. Carbonaran atom na tsakiya yana da alaƙa huɗu da shi, sabili da haka yana wadatacce kuma yana da haɓakar tetrahedral.
Polyoxymethylene: Polyoxymethylene ( POM ), wanda aka fi sani da acetal , polyacetal , da polyformaldehyde , injin thermoplastic ne na injiniya da ake amfani da shi a cikin daidaitattun sassan da ke buƙatar tsananin ƙarfi, ƙarancin rikici, da kyakkyawan yanayin daidaitaccen sifa. Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran polymer na roba, ana samar da shi ta kamfanoni daban-daban na kemikal tare da dabaru mabambanta kuma ana siyar dasu iri daban daban da sunaye irin su Delrin , Kocetal , Ultraform , Celcon , Ramtal , Duracon , Kepital , Polypenco , da Hostaform .
Acetalated dextran: Acetalated dextran shine polymer wanda zai iya rayuwa akan dextran wanda yake da rukunin hydroxyl da aka gyara acetal. Bayan kira, ana sanya hydrophilic polysaccharide dextran mara narkewa a cikin ruwa, amma mai narkewa a cikin sinadarai masu narkewa. Wannan yana ba shi damar sarrafa shi kamar yadda yawancin polyesters suke, kamar poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), ta hanyar matakai kamar ƙarancin narkewar ruwa da emulsion. Acetalated dextran yana da tsari daban da acetylated dextran.
Acetaldehyde: Acetaldehyde (na tsari mai suna ethanal ) mahaɗin sinadarai ne wanda yake da tsari mai taken CH 3 CHO, wani lokacin kuma wasu masu hada magunguna ke yanke shi a matsayin MeCHO (Me = methyl). Yana daya daga cikin mahimman aldehydes, yana faruwa a cikin yanayi kuma ana samar dashi akan sikeli mai yawa a cikin masana'antu. Acetaldehyde na faruwa ne ta asali a cikin kofi, burodi, da fruita fruitan itace cikakke, kuma tsire-tsire ne ke samar da su. Hakanan ana samar dashi ta hanyar rarrabawar ethanol ta hanta enzyme barasa dehydrogenase kuma yana haifar da dalilin haifar da maye bayan shan giya. Hanyoyi masu dauke da cutar sun hada da iska, ruwa, kasa, ko ruwan karkashin kasa, da kuma sha da hayaki. Amfani da disulfiram yana hana acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, enzyme da ke da alhakin maganin kumburi na acetaldehyde, don haka ya haifar da shi cikin jiki.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase: Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases sune enzymes dehydrogenase wanda ke haifar da jujjuyawar acetaldehyde cikin acetic acid. Za'a iya taƙaita hadawan abu na acetaldehyde zuwa acetate kamar haka:
Acetaldehyde (shafin bayanai): Wannan shafin yana ba da ƙarin bayanan sunadarai akan acetaldehyde.
Acetaldehyde ammonia mai gyara: Acetaldehyde ammonia trimer wani sinadari ne wanda aka bayyana shi ta hanyar dabara (CH 3 CHNH) 3 . Tsarkakakken abu bashi da launi amma samfuran galibi suna bayyana da haske rawaya ko ɗan raƙumi saboda lalacewa ta hanyar maye gurbi. Yana da hygroscopic, kuma ana iya samun shi a cikin nau'in trihydrate.
Acetaldehyde ammonia mai gyara: Acetaldehyde ammonia trimer wani sinadari ne wanda aka bayyana shi ta hanyar dabara (CH 3 CHNH) 3 . Tsarkakakken abu bashi da launi amma samfuran galibi suna bayyana da haske rawaya ko ɗan raƙumi saboda lalacewa ta hanyar maye gurbi. Yana da hygroscopic, kuma ana iya samun shi a cikin nau'in trihydrate.
Lactonitrile: Lactonitrile shine asalin halitta tare da dabara CH 3 CH (OH) CN. Matsakaici ne a cikin masana'antar samar da layin ethyl da lactic acid. Cyanohydrin ne na acetaldehyde. Ruwa ne mara launi, kodayake samfurin da aka kaskantar na iya bayyana rawaya.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase: Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases sune enzymes dehydrogenase wanda ke haifar da jujjuyawar acetaldehyde cikin acetic acid. Za'a iya taƙaita hadawan abu na acetaldehyde zuwa acetate kamar haka:
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase: Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases sune enzymes dehydrogenase wanda ke haifar da jujjuyawar acetaldehyde cikin acetic acid. Za'a iya taƙaita hadawan abu na acetaldehyde zuwa acetate kamar haka:
Magani kamar Disulfiram: Magunguna kamar disulfiram magani ne da ke haifar da mummunan tasiri ga giya wanda ke haifar da tashin zuciya, amai, flushing, dizziness, bugun kai, kirji da rashin jin daɗin ciki, da kuma alamun alamun haɗuwa da sauransu. Wadannan illolin suna faruwa ne ta hanyar tarawar acetaldehyde, babban mashahuri amma mai maye mai maye wanda giyar enzyme dehydrogenase ta samar. An kira abin da ake kira daban-daban kamar disulfiram , rashin haƙuri da barasa , da ciwon acetaldehyde .
Magani kamar Disulfiram: Magunguna kamar disulfiram magani ne da ke haifar da mummunan tasiri ga giya wanda ke haifar da tashin zuciya, amai, flushing, dizziness, bugun kai, kirji da rashin jin daɗin ciki, da kuma alamun alamun haɗuwa da sauransu. Wadannan illolin suna faruwa ne ta hanyar tarawar acetaldehyde, babban mashahuri amma mai maye mai maye wanda giyar enzyme dehydrogenase ta samar. An kira abin da ake kira daban-daban kamar disulfiram , rashin haƙuri da barasa , da ciwon acetaldehyde .
1,1-Diethoxyethane: 1,1-Diethoxyethane shine babban kayan ƙanshin abubuwan sha da aka sha, musamman malt wiski da sherry. Kodayake ɗayan mahaɗan ne kawai waɗanda ke ƙunshe da rukunin ƙungiyar acetal, amma wani lokaci ana kiran wannan takamaiman sanadarin a sauƙaƙe.
Acetylene hydratase: A cikin enzymology, acetylene hydratase (EC 4.2.1.112 ) misali ne mai wuya na enzyme dauke da tungsten. Yana haɓaka hydration na acetylene don ba acetaldehyde: C 2 H 2 + H 2 O → CH 3 CHO
Magani kamar Disulfiram: Magunguna kamar disulfiram magani ne da ke haifar da mummunan tasiri ga giya wanda ke haifar da tashin zuciya, amai, flushing, dizziness, bugun kai, kirji da rashin jin daɗin ciki, da kuma alamun alamun haɗuwa da sauransu. Wadannan illolin suna faruwa ne ta hanyar tarawar acetaldehyde, babban mashahuri amma mai maye mai maye wanda giyar enzyme dehydrogenase ta samar. An kira abin da ake kira daban-daban kamar disulfiram , rashin haƙuri da barasa , da ciwon acetaldehyde .
3-Hydroxybutanal: 3-Hydroxybutanal ( acetaldol ) aldol ne, bisa ƙa'ida samfurin ragewar acetaldehyde. An yi amfani dashi a baya a matsayin magani a matsayin mai kwantar da hankali da kwantar da hankali.
Acetaldoxime: Acetaldoxime shine hadewar sinadarai tare da dabara C 2 H 5 NO. Yana daya daga cikin mahimmin mahadi mai dauke da sinadarin oxime, kuma yana da amfani iri-iri a cikin hada sinadarai.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Acetal: Acetal ƙungiya ce mai aiki tare da haɗin R 2 C (OR ') 2 ). Anan, rukunin R na iya zama gutsuttsura abubuwa (ƙwayar atom, tare da wasu nau'ikan atom da ke haɗe da hakan) ko hydrogen, yayin da ƙungiyoyin R dole ne su zama gutsuttsurar kwayoyin ba hydrogen. Groupsungiyoyin R 'biyu na iya zama daidai da junan su ("acetal symmetric") ko a'a ("acetal gauraye"). Acetals an kirkiresu daga kuma za'a iya canzawa zuwa aldehydes ko ketones kuma suna da irin yanayin hadawan abu a tsakiyar carbon, amma suna da kwarin gwiwa daban-daban na sinadarai da amsawa idan aka kwatanta da mahaɗan carbonyl masu kama da juna. Carbonaran atom na tsakiya yana da alaƙa huɗu da shi, sabili da haka yana wadatacce kuma yana da haɓakar tetrahedral.
Acetal: Acetal ƙungiya ce mai aiki tare da haɗin R 2 C (OR ') 2 ). Anan, rukunin R na iya zama gutsuttsura abubuwa (ƙwayar atom, tare da wasu nau'ikan atom da ke haɗe da hakan) ko hydrogen, yayin da ƙungiyoyin R dole ne su zama gutsuttsurar kwayoyin ba hydrogen. Groupsungiyoyin R 'biyu na iya zama daidai da junan su ("acetal symmetric") ko a'a ("acetal gauraye"). Acetals an kirkiresu daga kuma za'a iya canzawa zuwa aldehydes ko ketones kuma suna da irin yanayin hadawan abu a tsakiyar carbon, amma suna da kwarin gwiwa daban-daban na sinadarai da amsawa idan aka kwatanta da mahaɗan carbonyl masu kama da juna. Carbonaran atom na tsakiya yana da alaƙa huɗu da shi, sabili da haka yana wadatacce kuma yana da haɓakar tetrahedral.
Acetal: Acetal ƙungiya ce mai aiki tare da haɗin R 2 C (OR ') 2 ). Anan, rukunin R na iya zama gutsuttsura abubuwa (ƙwayar atom, tare da wasu nau'ikan atom da ke haɗe da hakan) ko hydrogen, yayin da ƙungiyoyin R dole ne su zama gutsuttsurar kwayoyin ba hydrogen. Groupsungiyoyin R 'biyu na iya zama daidai da junan su ("acetal symmetric") ko a'a ("acetal gauraye"). Acetals an kirkiresu daga kuma za'a iya canzawa zuwa aldehydes ko ketones kuma suna da irin yanayin hadawan abu a tsakiyar carbon, amma suna da kwarin gwiwa daban-daban na sinadarai da amsawa idan aka kwatanta da mahaɗan carbonyl masu kama da juna. Carbonaran atom na tsakiya yana da alaƙa huɗu da shi, sabili da haka yana wadatacce kuma yana da haɓakar tetrahedral.
Acetal: Acetal ƙungiya ce mai aiki tare da haɗin R 2 C (OR ') 2 ). Anan, rukunin R na iya zama gutsuttsura abubuwa (ƙwayar atom, tare da wasu nau'ikan atom da ke haɗe da hakan) ko hydrogen, yayin da ƙungiyoyin R dole ne su zama gutsuttsurar kwayoyin ba hydrogen. Groupsungiyoyin R 'biyu na iya zama daidai da junan su ("acetal symmetric") ko a'a ("acetal gauraye"). Acetals an kirkiresu daga kuma za'a iya canzawa zuwa aldehydes ko ketones kuma suna da irin yanayin hadawan abu a tsakiyar carbon, amma suna da kwarin gwiwa daban-daban na sinadarai da amsawa idan aka kwatanta da mahaɗan carbonyl masu kama da juna. Carbonaran atom na tsakiya yana da alaƙa huɗu da shi, sabili da haka yana wadatacce kuma yana da haɓakar tetrahedral.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Acetamide: Acetamide (suna na yau da kullun: ethanamide ) wani yanki ne mai hade da tsari mai taken CH 3 CONH 2 . Shine mafi sauki amide da aka samo daga acetic acid. Yana samun ɗan amfani azaman filastik da kuma matsayin sauran sinadaran masana'antu. Abun da ke da alaƙa N , N -dimethylacetamide (DMA) an fi amfani da shi sosai, amma ba a shirya shi daga acetamide ba. Acetamide za a iya ɗaukar shi matsakaici tsakanin acetone, wanda ke da ƙungiyoyi biyu na methyl (CH 3 ) ko dai gefen carbonyl (CO), da urea wanda ke da ƙungiyoyi biyu na amide (NH 2 ) a waɗannan wuraren.
Acetamide: Acetamide (suna na yau da kullun: ethanamide ) wani yanki ne mai hade da tsari mai taken CH 3 CONH 2 . Shine mafi sauki amide da aka samo daga acetic acid. Yana samun ɗan amfani azaman filastik da kuma matsayin sauran sinadaran masana'antu. Abun da ke da alaƙa N , N -dimethylacetamide (DMA) an fi amfani da shi sosai, amma ba a shirya shi daga acetamide ba. Acetamide za a iya ɗaukar shi matsakaici tsakanin acetone, wanda ke da ƙungiyoyi biyu na methyl (CH 3 ) ko dai gefen carbonyl (CO), da urea wanda ke da ƙungiyoyi biyu na amide (NH 2 ) a waɗannan wuraren.
Acedoben: Acedoben (4-acetamidobenzoic acid ko N-acetyl-PABA) haɗakar sinadarai ce tare da tsarin ƙirar C 9 H 9 NO 3 . Abun acetyl ne na para -aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Paracetamol: Paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da acetaminophen , magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwo da zazzaɓi. Yawanci ana amfani dashi don sauƙi zuwa matsakaicin ciwo mai sauƙi. An gauraya hujjoji don amfani da shi don sauƙaƙe zazzabi ga yara. Sau da yawa ana sayar da shi tare da wasu magunguna, kamar a yawancin magunguna masu sanyi. Ana amfani da Paracetamol don ciwo mai tsanani, kamar ciwon kansa da zafi bayan tiyata, a haɗe tare da maganin ciwon opioid. Yawanci ana amfani dashi ko dai ta baki ko ta dubura, amma kuma ana samunta ta hanyar allura a jijiya. Illar zata wuce tsakanin awa biyu da hudu.
Hydrocodone / paracetamol: Hydrocodone / paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da hydrocodone / acetaminophen , shine haɗuwa da magungunan ciwo mai zafi hydrocodone da paracetamol (acetaminophen). Ana amfani dashi don magance matsakaici zuwa ciwo mai tsanani. Ana ɗauka ta baki. Amfani da nishaɗi ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka.
Oxycodone / paracetamol: Oxycodone / paracetamol , wanda aka sayar a ƙarƙashin sunan suna Percocet da sauransu, haɗuwa ne da opioid oxycodone tare da paracetamol (acetaminophen), ana amfani da shi don magance matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani na gajeren lokaci.
Oxycodone / paracetamol: Oxycodone / paracetamol , wanda aka sayar a ƙarƙashin sunan suna Percocet da sauransu, haɗuwa ne da opioid oxycodone tare da paracetamol (acetaminophen), ana amfani da shi don magance matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani na gajeren lokaci.
Butalbital / acetaminophen: Butalbital / acetaminophen , wanda aka sayar a ƙarƙashin sunan Butapap tare da wasu, magani ne mai haɗin gwiwa wanda ake amfani dashi don magance ciwon kai na tashin hankali da ciwon kai na ƙaura. Ya ƙunshi butalbital, barbiturate da paracetamol (acetaminophen), analgesic. Fassarorin da ke ƙunshe da maganin kafeyin ana siyar dasu ƙarƙashin sunan mai suna Fioricet da sauransu. Ana ɗauka ta baki. Ana kuma sayar da hadin tare da codeine.
Hydrocodone / paracetamol: Hydrocodone / paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da hydrocodone / acetaminophen , shine haɗuwa da magungunan ciwo mai zafi hydrocodone da paracetamol (acetaminophen). Ana amfani dashi don magance matsakaici zuwa ciwo mai tsanani. Ana ɗauka ta baki. Amfani da nishaɗi ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka.
Oxycodone / paracetamol: Oxycodone / paracetamol , wanda aka sayar a ƙarƙashin sunan suna Percocet da sauransu, haɗuwa ne da opioid oxycodone tare da paracetamol (acetaminophen), ana amfani da shi don magance matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani na gajeren lokaci.
Oxycodone / paracetamol: Oxycodone / paracetamol , wanda aka sayar a ƙarƙashin sunan suna Percocet da sauransu, haɗuwa ne da opioid oxycodone tare da paracetamol (acetaminophen), ana amfani da shi don magance matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani na gajeren lokaci.
Paracetamol guba: Maganin paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da guba na acetaminophen , ana haifar da shi ta yawan amfani da magani paracetamol (acetaminophen). Yawancin mutane suna da 'yan kaɗan ko marasa alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin awanni 24 na farko bayan yawan abin da ya wuce kima. Wadannan sun hada da jin kasala, ciwon ciki, ko jiri. Wannan yakan biyo baya kwana biyu ba tare da wata alama ba, bayan haka fata mai launin rawaya, matsalolin daskarewar jini, da rikicewa suna faruwa ne sakamakon gazawar hanta. Complicationsarin rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da gazawar koda, pancreatitis, ƙarancin sukarin jini, da lactic acidosis. Idan mutuwa ba ta auku ba, mutane kan warke sarai tsawon makonni biyu. Ba tare da magani ba, mutuwa daga yawan guba tana faruwa kwanaki 4 zuwa 18 daga baya.
Paracetamol guba: Maganin paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da guba na acetaminophen , ana haifar da shi ta yawan amfani da magani paracetamol (acetaminophen). Yawancin mutane suna da 'yan kaɗan ko marasa alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin awanni 24 na farko bayan yawan abin da ya wuce kima. Wadannan sun hada da jin kasala, ciwon ciki, ko jiri. Wannan yakan biyo baya kwana biyu ba tare da wata alama ba, bayan haka fata mai launin rawaya, matsalolin daskarewar jini, da rikicewa suna faruwa ne sakamakon gazawar hanta. Complicationsarin rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da gazawar koda, pancreatitis, ƙarancin sukarin jini, da lactic acidosis. Idan mutuwa ba ta auku ba, mutane kan warke sarai tsawon makonni biyu. Ba tare da magani ba, mutuwa daga yawan guba tana faruwa kwanaki 4 zuwa 18 daga baya.
Paracetamol guba: Maganin paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da guba na acetaminophen , ana haifar da shi ta yawan amfani da magani paracetamol (acetaminophen). Yawancin mutane suna da 'yan kaɗan ko marasa alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin awanni 24 na farko bayan yawan abin da ya wuce kima. Wadannan sun hada da jin kasala, ciwon ciki, ko jiri. Wannan yakan biyo baya kwana biyu ba tare da wata alama ba, bayan haka fata mai launin rawaya, matsalolin daskarewar jini, da rikicewa suna faruwa ne sakamakon gazawar hanta. Complicationsarin rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da gazawar koda, pancreatitis, ƙarancin sukarin jini, da lactic acidosis. Idan mutuwa ba ta auku ba, mutane kan warke sarai tsawon makonni biyu. Ba tare da magani ba, mutuwa daga yawan guba tana faruwa kwanaki 4 zuwa 18 daga baya.
Paracetamol guba: Maganin paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da guba na acetaminophen , ana haifar da shi ta yawan amfani da magani paracetamol (acetaminophen). Yawancin mutane suna da 'yan kaɗan ko marasa alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin awanni 24 na farko bayan yawan abin da ya wuce kima. Wadannan sun hada da jin kasala, ciwon ciki, ko jiri. Wannan yakan biyo baya kwana biyu ba tare da wata alama ba, bayan haka fata mai launin rawaya, matsalolin daskarewar jini, da rikicewa suna faruwa ne sakamakon gazawar hanta. Complicationsarin rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da gazawar koda, pancreatitis, ƙarancin sukarin jini, da lactic acidosis. Idan mutuwa ba ta auku ba, mutane kan warke sarai tsawon makonni biyu. Ba tare da magani ba, mutuwa daga yawan guba tana faruwa kwanaki 4 zuwa 18 daga baya.
Paracetamol guba: Maganin paracetamol , wanda aka fi sani da guba na acetaminophen , ana haifar da shi ta yawan amfani da magani paracetamol (acetaminophen). Yawancin mutane suna da 'yan kaɗan ko marasa alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin awanni 24 na farko bayan yawan abin da ya wuce kima. Wadannan sun hada da jin kasala, ciwon ciki, ko jiri. Wannan yakan biyo baya kwana biyu ba tare da wata alama ba, bayan haka fata mai launin rawaya, matsalolin daskarewar jini, da rikicewa suna faruwa ne sakamakon gazawar hanta. Complicationsarin rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da gazawar koda, pancreatitis, ƙarancin sukarin jini, da lactic acidosis. Idan mutuwa ba ta auku ba, mutane kan warke sarai tsawon makonni biyu. Ba tare da magani ba, mutuwa daga yawan guba tana faruwa kwanaki 4 zuwa 18 daga baya.
Acetaminosalol: Acetaminosalol shine mai haɗin kwayoyin halitta tare da samfurin sunadarai C 15 H 13 NO 4 .
Acetamiprid: Acetamiprid wani sinadari ne mai hade da tsari na sunadarai C 10 H 11 ClN 4 . Magungunan neonicotinoid ne mara ƙanshi wanda aka samar a ƙarƙashin sunayen kasuwanci Assail, da Chipco na Aventis CropSciences. Yana da tsari kuma an tsara shi don sarrafa tsotsar kwari (Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, galibi aphids) a kan albarkatu irin su ganye masu ganye, 'ya'yan itacen citrus,' ya'yan pome, inabi, auduga, kayan lambu, da shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa. Hakanan mahimmin magungunan ƙwari ne a cikin noman ceri na kasuwanci saboda tasirinsa akan ƙwayoyin 'ya'yan itacen ceri.
Acetazolamide: Acetazolamide , wanda aka siyar dashi a karkashin sunan cinikayya Diamox da sauransu, magani ne da ake amfani dashi don magance glaucoma, farfadiya, cututtukan dogaro , shan inna na lokaci-lokaci, hauhawar hawan jini ta idiopathic, da kuma gazawar zuciya. Ana iya amfani da shi na dogon lokaci don maganin glaucoma na buɗe da kuma gajeren lokaci don ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasawar ƙwanƙwasa har sai an iya yin tiyata. Ana ɗauke shi ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya.
Acetanaerobacterium: Acetanaerobacterium wani jinsi ne a cikin kwayoyin halittar jiki (Bacteria) .Jinjin yana dauke da jinsin guda, A. elongatum .
Acid anhydride: Acetic anhydride , ko ethanoic anhydride , shine mai hada sinadarai tare da dabara (CH 3 CO) 2 O. A taƙaice Ac 2 O, shi ne mafi sauki isolable anhydride na carboxylic acid kuma ana amfani dashi sosai azaman reagent a cikin kira na halitta. Ruwa ne mara launi mara ƙanshi wanda yake da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi na acid acetic, wanda aka samar dashi ta hanyar aikin shi da danshi a cikin iska.
Acetanilide: Acetanilide wani sinadari ne mai ƙanshin ƙanshi na ganye ko kamannin flake. An kuma san shi da N -phenylacetamide , acetanil , ko acetanilid , kuma an san shi da sunan kasuwanci na Antifebrin .
Acetanilide: Acetanilide wani sinadari ne mai ƙanshin ƙanshi na ganye ko kamannin flake. An kuma san shi da N -phenylacetamide , acetanil , ko acetanilid , kuma an san shi da sunan kasuwanci na Antifebrin .
Acetanilide: Acetanilide wani sinadari ne mai ƙanshin ƙanshi na ganye ko kamannin flake. An kuma san shi da N -phenylacetamide , acetanil , ko acetanilid , kuma an san shi da sunan kasuwanci na Antifebrin .
Acetanilide: Acetanilide wani sinadari ne mai ƙanshin ƙanshi na ganye ko kamannin flake. An kuma san shi da N -phenylacetamide , acetanil , ko acetanilid , kuma an san shi da sunan kasuwanci na Antifebrin .
Acetanisole: Acetanisole wani sinadari ne mai daɗin ƙamshi tare da ƙanshi wanda aka bayyana a matsayin mai daɗi, frua frua, ,wa, kuma yayi kama da vanilla. Bugu da kari Acetanisole na iya warin wani lokacin kamar man shanu ko karam.
John Evelyn: John Evelyn marubucin Ingilishi ne, mai kula da lambu da kuma marubuta.
Acetarsol: Acetarsol maganin rigakafin cutar ne.
Acetic acid / hydrocortisone: Acetic acid / hydrocortisone magani ne mai haɗuwa da yawa don magance cututtukan kunne na baya da canjin kunne. An sanya alama a matsayin Vosol HC da Acetasol HC , yana haɗuwa da aikin antibacterial da antifungal na acetic acid tare da ayyukan anti-inflammatory na hydrocortisone.
Acetate: Acetate shine gishirin da aka kirkira ta haɗuwa da acetic acid tare da tushe. "Acetate" ma ya bayyana conjugate tushe ko ion yawanci samu a cikin ruwa-ruwa bayani da kuma rubuta da sinadaran dabara C 2 H 3 Ya - 2 . Kwayoyin tsaka-tsakin da aka samar ta hadewar ion acetate da ion mai kyau ana kiransu da suna "acetates". Mafi sauƙin waɗannan shine acetate na hydrogen tare da gishiri masu dacewa, esters, da kuma polyatomic anion CH 3 CO - 2 , ko CH 3 COO - .
Acetyl-CoA synthetase: Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) ko Acetate-CoA ligase enzyme ne wanda ke tattare da maganin acetate. Yana cikin rukunin ligase na enzymes, ma'ana yana haifar da samuwar sabon hadewar sinadarai tsakanin manyan kwayoyi biyu.
Acetyl-CoA synthetase: Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) ko Acetate-CoA ligase enzyme ne wanda ke tattare da maganin acetate. Yana cikin rukunin ligase na enzymes, ma'ana yana haifar da samuwar sabon hadewar sinadarai tsakanin manyan kwayoyi biyu.
Acetate-CoA ligase (tsarin ADP): A cikin enzymology, acetate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai ATP + acetate + CoA ADP + phosphate + acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA synthetase: Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) ko Acetate-CoA ligase enzyme ne wanda ke tattare da maganin acetate. Yana cikin rukunin ligase na enzymes, ma'ana yana haifar da samuwar sabon hadewar sinadarai tsakanin manyan kwayoyi biyu.
ACP-SH: haɗin haɗin acetate: ACP-SH: ligase acetate enzyme ne wanda yake da tsarin suna acetate: (acyl-carrier-protein) ligase (samar da AMP) . Wannan enzyme din yana sarrafa wadannan sinadarai masu zuwa ATP + acetate + wani furotin [acyl-carrier] AMP + diphosphate + acetyl- [furotin mai dauke da acyl-carrier]
ACP-SH: haɗin haɗin acetate: ACP-SH: ligase acetate enzyme ne wanda yake da tsarin suna acetate: (acyl-carrier-protein) ligase (samar da AMP) . Wannan enzyme din yana sarrafa wadannan sinadarai masu zuwa ATP + acetate + wani furotin [acyl-carrier] AMP + diphosphate + acetyl- [furotin mai dauke da acyl-carrier]
(citrate (pro-3S) -lyase) haɗuwa: A cikin enzymology, citrate (pro-3S) -lyase ligase enzyme ne wanda ke haifar da tasirin sinadarai ATP + acetate + citrate (pro-3S) -lyase (nau'in thiol) AMP + diphosphate + citrate (pro-3S) -lyase (nau'in acetyl)