496, List of minor planets: 4001–5000, Timeline of the far future

496: Yanda Shekarar 496 ( CDXCVI ) shekara ce mai tsada wacce ta fara daga Litinin din kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafa Paulus ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 496 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Lokaci na lokaci mai zuwa: Duk da cewa ba za a iya yin hasashen nan gaba da tabbaci ba, fahimtar da ake da ita a yanzu a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyya na ba da damar hasashen wasu abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba, in dai a mafi fadi ne. Wadannan fannonin sun hada da ilimin taurari, wanda ya bayyana yadda taurari da taurari ke samuwa, da mu'amala, da kuma mutuwa; kimiyyar lissafi, wanda ya bayyana yadda kwayar halitta ke aiki a mafi karancin sikeli; ilimin halittar rayuwa, wanda yake hasashen yadda rayuwa zata kasance akan lokaci; da plate tectonics, wanda ke nuna yadda nahiyoyin ke canzawa zuwa millennia.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
4962 Vecherka: 4962 Vecherka , wanda aka tsara na ɗan lokaci 1973 TP , shine Eunomian asteroid da jinkirin juyawa daga yankuna na tsakiya na bel din asteroid, kusan kilomita 10 a diamita. An gano shi ne a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1973, ta hanyar masanin tauraron Soviet Tamara Smirnova a cikin Crimean Astrophysical Observatory da ke Nauchnij, a tsibirin Kirimiya. An sanya sunan tauraron dan adam din ne bayan Vechernij Petersburg , wata jaridar da take wallafa bayanan taurari.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Kedron: Kedron na iya koma zuwa:
GWR 4900 Class 4965 Rood Ashton Hall: Babban Jirgin Ruwa na Jirgin Ruwa na Great Western no. 4965 Rood Ashton Hall shine 4-6-0 Hall aji locomotive. An adana shi a Tyseley Locomotive Works. Injin din yana aiki a koren layinsa na Great Western Railway, kuma yana yin aiki akai-akai akan Shakespeare Express , wanda Vintage Trains ke gudanarwa, tsakanin Birmingham da Stratford-on-Avon, da kuma balaguro daban-daban.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 49001-50000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 49001-50000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 49001-50000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
496 BC: Shekarar 496 BC shekara ce ta kalandar Roman ta pre-Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Albus da Tricostus . An yi amfani da darikar 496 BC don wannan shekarar tun daga farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
496 (lamba): 496 shine lambar halitta wacce take bin 495 kuma ta gabata 497.
496: Yanda Shekarar 496 ( CDXCVI ) shekara ce mai tsada wacce ta fara daga Litinin din kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafa Paulus ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 496 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
496: Yanda Shekarar 496 ( CDXCVI ) shekara ce mai tsada wacce ta fara daga Litinin din kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafa Paulus ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 496 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
496 BC: Shekarar 496 BC shekara ce ta kalandar Roman ta pre-Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Albus da Tricostus . An yi amfani da darikar 496 BC don wannan shekarar tun daga farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
496 BC: Shekarar 496 BC shekara ce ta kalandar Roman ta pre-Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Albus da Tricostus . An yi amfani da darikar 496 BC don wannan shekarar tun daga farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
496: Yanda Shekarar 496 ( CDXCVI ) shekara ce mai tsada wacce ta fara daga Litinin din kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafa Paulus ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 496 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
496 Gryphia: Gryphia shine nau'in S-type wanda yake na dangin Flora a cikin Main Belt. Faɗin sa kusan kilomita 15 kuma yana da albedo na 0.168.
Keller da. Barikin Jihar California: Keller da. Barikin Jihar Kalifoniya , 496 US 1 (1990), shari'a ce wacce Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta ce lauyoyin da ake bukatar su kasance membobin kungiyar lauyoyi na jihar suna da 'Yancin Kwaskwarimar Farko na dena bayar da tallafi ayyukan kungiyar na siyasa ko akida.
Horton v. Kalifoniya: Horton v. California , 496 US 128 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Kolin Amurka ce inda Kotun ta ce Kwaskwarimar ta Hudu ba ta hana kame hujja mara tushe wanda yake a bayyane. Samun shaidar ba lallai bane ya zama ba da gangan ba, kodayake wannan halayyar mafi ƙarancin kamun gani ne. Ra'ayin ya fayyace karantarwar ra'ayi game da Nazarin Kwaskwarima na Hudu.
Ofungiyar Ilimi ta Communityungiyar Westside v. Mergens: Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens , 496 US 226 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ce ta Amurka da ta shafi ikon gundumar makaranta na gudanar da darussa kan karatun Littafi Mai Tsarki bayan makaranta.
Amurka v. Eichman: United States v. Eichman , 496 US 310 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ce ta Amurka wacce ta soke dokar tarayya game da wulakanta tuta a matsayin keta hurumin fadin albarkacin baki a karkashin Kwaskwarimar Farko. An yi jayayya tare da batun Amurka v. Haggerty . An gina ta ne a kan ra'ayin da aka gabatar a hukuncin Kotun a shekarar da ta gabata a Texas v. Johnson (1989), wanda ya ɓata a kan enda'idar Kwaskwarimar Farko da dokar jihar Texas ta hana ƙona tuta.
Perpich v. Ma'aikatar Tsaro: Perpich v. Ma'aikatar Tsaro , 496 US 334 (1990), shari'ar da Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta yanke game da Rikicin Militia na Mataki na 1, Sashe na 8, na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka wanda kotu ta ce Majalisar na iya ba da izini ga mambobi na Guardungiyar Guardasa don ba da umarnin yin aiki na tarayya don dalilai na horo a wajen Amurka ba tare da izinin Gwamnan Jiha da abin ya shafa ba ko kuma sanarwar sanarwar gaggawa ta ƙasa. Mai gabatar da kara shi ne Rudy Perpich, Gwamnan Minnesota a lokacin.
Ma'aikatar 'Yan Sanda ta Michigan v. Sitz: Michigan Dept. na 'Yan Sanda na Jiha v. Sitz , 496 US 444 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ta Amurka ce da ta shafi tsarin mulki na wuraren bincike na' yan sanda. Kotun ta riƙe 6-3 cewa waɗannan wuraren binciken sun cika ƙa'idar Kwaskwarima ta Hudu na "bincike mai kyau da ƙwace."
Eli Lilly & Co. v. Medtronic, Inc.: Eli Lilly da Kamfanin v. Medtronic, Inc. , 496 US 661 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ce ta Amurka da ke da alaƙa da keta haƙƙin mallaka a masana'antar na'urar kiwon lafiya. Ya tabbatar da cewa 35 USC § 271 (e) (1) na dokar haƙƙin mallaka ta Amurka ta keɓance aikin ƙayyadadden tsari da aka gudanar don samun yardar wata na'ura a ƙarƙashin Dokar Abinci ta Tarayya, Magunguna, da Carfafawa daga binciken ƙetaren.
Turanci v. General Electric Co .: Ingilishi v. General Electric , 496 US 72 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ce ta Amurka wacce Kotun ta yi ikirarin cewa dokar kasa da gangan don cutar da motsin rai ba ta riga ta shiga cikin Dokar Tattalin Arziki ta 1974 ba.
5th karni a Ireland: Abubuwan da suka faru daga ƙarni na 5 a ƙasar Ireland .
5th karni a shayari:
Ka'idar keɓaɓɓun mahaifa: A cikin ka'idar kirtani, zaren igiyar mahaɗa igiyar rufewa ce wacce ke da haɗari ('heterotic') na mashahuri da kirtani na bosonic. Akwai nau'ikan igiya iri-iri iri biyu, mai karfin zuciya SO (32) da mai karkatarwa E 8 × E 8 , an taƙaice zuwa HO da HE . An fara kirkirar ka'idojin kirdadon Heterotic a 1985 wanda David Gross, Jeffrey Harvey, Emil Martinec, da Ryan Rohm, a ɗayan manyan mahimman takardu waɗanda suka haifar da juyin juya hali na farko.
496th: 496th na iya koma zuwa: 496th Squadron Air Base, rukunin Sojan Sama na Amurka, wanda aka kafa a Morón Air Base, Spain 496th Bombardment Squadron, unitungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ba ta aiki 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron, activeungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ba ta aiki
Injiniyan Masarauta na Kent: Injiniyan Kent Fortress Royal Engineers (KFRE) ƙungiya ce ta voluntean ƙasa na Sojojin Burtaniya waɗanda suka ga aiki a duka Yaƙin Duniya. Sun kasance sanannu saboda ayyukansu na nasara a cikin Mayu 1940, lokacin da suka lalata ɗakunan ajiyar mai da kayan aikin da ke gab da ci gaban Jamusawa, kuma a watan Agusta 1944 yayin ƙetare Kogin Seine.
496th Sashin Squadron: 496th Air Base Squadron shine araungiyar Rarraba Airasa ta Airasa ta Amurka (GSU), wanda aka kafa a kan shigar da Sojan Sama na Spain (SpAF) na Morón Air Base, Spain. 496 ABS wani bangare ne na 86th Airlift Wing a karkashin Rukunin Ayyuka na 86, Ramstein Air Base, Jamus.
6ungiyar Bombardment 496th: 496th Bombardment Squadron wani rukunin Sojan Sama ne na Amurka wanda ba ya aiki. Na ƙarshe an sanya shi zuwa Rukunin Bombardment na 344, wanda aka kafa a Fadar Schleissheim, Jamus. An kashe shi a ranar 15 Fabrairu 1946.
496th actwararrun Squwararrun ighterungiyar: 6ungiyar 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron ƙungiya ce ta Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ba ta aiki, an sanya ta ƙarshe zuwa Sojan Sama na Amurka a Turai, thaya na ighterarshin actarfafa faɗa, wanda aka kafa a Hahn Air Base, Jamus. Squadungiyar ba ta da aiki a ranar 15 Mayu 1991.
496th actwararrun Squwararrun ighterungiyar: 6ungiyar 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron ƙungiya ce ta Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ba ta aiki, an sanya ta ƙarshe zuwa Sojan Sama na Amurka a Turai, thaya na ighterarshin actarfafa faɗa, wanda aka kafa a Hahn Air Base, Jamus. Squadungiyar ba ta da aiki a ranar 15 Mayu 1991.
496th actwararrun Squwararrun ighterungiyar: 6ungiyar 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron ƙungiya ce ta Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ba ta aiki, an sanya ta ƙarshe zuwa Sojan Sama na Amurka a Turai, thaya na ighterarshin actarfafa faɗa, wanda aka kafa a Hahn Air Base, Jamus. Squadungiyar ba ta da aiki a ranar 15 Mayu 1991.
496th actwararrun Squwararrun ighterungiyar: 6ungiyar 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron ƙungiya ce ta Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ba ta aiki, an sanya ta ƙarshe zuwa Sojan Sama na Amurka a Turai, thaya na ighterarshin actarfafa faɗa, wanda aka kafa a Hahn Air Base, Jamus. Squadungiyar ba ta da aiki a ranar 15 Mayu 1991.
Trainingungiyar Koyon Fighter 496th: Trainingungiyar Horar da Trainingan Fasaha ta 496 (FTG) rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka, suna aiki tare da Sojan Sama na Takwas a Kingdomasar Ingila a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. An kunna shi a watan Disamba 1943, rukunin ya horar da matukan jirgi masu sauyawa akan Walƙiyar Lockheed P-38 sannan daga baya P-51 Mustang ta Arewacin Amurka. A watan Oktoba 1944 an kawo ƙarshen aikin horonta lokacin da Sojan Sama na takwas suka yanke shawarar maimakon horar da matukan jirgi a rukunin horo na aiki waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyoyin mayaƙan faɗa. Don ragowar ayyukanta, kungiyar ta ba da sabis na tallafi ga raka'a a RAF Halesworth, gami da rundunar ceto ta iska. Kungiyar ba ta da aiki a cikin Afrilu 1945; unitsungiyoyin da ke haɗe sun kasance kai tsaye zuwa 65th Fighter Wing kuma sauran ma'aikatan da aka tura zuwa rundunar sojojin sama.
Thungiyar Yaki da Jirgin Sama Mai Girma Na 96, Royal Artillery: Runduna ta Anti-Aircraft Regiment ta 96, Royal Artillery , wani yanki ne na kare iska na Sojojin Birtaniyya (TA) da aka kafa a West Yorkshire yayin lokacin tashin hankali na kasa da kasa har zuwa barkewar yakin duniya na II. Ya kare Yammacin Yammacin lokacin farkon yakin sannan kuma yayi aiki a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Regan sanda ya ci gaba a bayan yakin TA har zuwa haɗuwa a cikin 1955.
497th Intelligence, Kulawa da Rukuni na Rukuni: Intelligungiyar Leken Asiri ta 7asa ta 497, Sa ido da kuma Sanarwa rukuni ne na leken asiri da ke Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia.
496th actwararrun Squwararrun ighterungiyar: 6ungiyar 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron ƙungiya ce ta Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ba ta aiki, an sanya ta ƙarshe zuwa Sojan Sama na Amurka a Turai, thaya na ighterarshin actarfafa faɗa, wanda aka kafa a Hahn Air Base, Jamus. Squadungiyar ba ta da aiki a ranar 15 Mayu 1991.
497: Yanda Shekarar 497 ( CDXCVII ) shekara ce gama gari wacce ta fara daga Laraba a kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Anastasius ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 497 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
Rhododendrin: Rhododendrin ( betuloside ) shine arylbutanoid glycoside da phenylpropanoid, wani nau'in halitta ne. Ana iya samun sa a cikin ganyen Rhododendron aureum ko a cikin Cistus salviifolius .
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 49001-50000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 49001-50000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Lokaci na lokaci mai zuwa: Duk da cewa ba za a iya yin hasashen nan gaba da tabbaci ba, fahimtar da ake da ita a yanzu a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyya na ba da damar hasashen wasu abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba, in dai a mafi fadi ne. Wadannan fannonin sun hada da ilimin taurari, wanda ya bayyana yadda taurari da taurari ke samuwa, da mu'amala, da kuma mutuwa; kimiyyar lissafi, wanda ya bayyana yadda kwayar halitta ke aiki a mafi karancin sikeli; ilimin halittar rayuwa, wanda yake hasashen yadda rayuwa zata kasance akan lokaci; da plate tectonics, wanda ke nuna yadda nahiyoyin ke canzawa zuwa millennia.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
49777 Cappi: 49777 Cappi , wanda aka tsara na ɗan lokaci 1999 XS , shine tauraron bangon dutse mai ban tsoro daga yankuna na ciki na bel na asteroid, kusan kilomita 2 a diamita.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
497 BC: Shekarar 497 BC shekara ce ta kalandar Roman ta pre-Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Atratinus da Augurinus . An yi amfani da darikar 497 BC don wannan shekarar tun daga farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
400 (lamba): 400 shine lambar halitta wacce take bin 399 kuma ta gabata 401.
497: Yanda Shekarar 497 ( CDXCVII ) shekara ce gama gari wacce ta fara daga Laraba a kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Anastasius ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 497 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
497: Yanda Shekarar 497 ( CDXCVII ) shekara ce gama gari wacce ta fara daga Laraba a kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Anastasius ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 497 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
497 BC: Shekarar 497 BC shekara ce ta kalandar Roman ta pre-Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Atratinus da Augurinus . An yi amfani da darikar 497 BC don wannan shekarar tun daga farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
497 BC: Shekarar 497 BC shekara ce ta kalandar Roman ta pre-Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Atratinus da Augurinus . An yi amfani da darikar 497 BC don wannan shekarar tun daga farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
497: Yanda Shekarar 497 ( CDXCVII ) shekara ce gama gari wacce ta fara daga Laraba a kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawar Anastasius ba tare da abokin aiki ba . An yi amfani da darikar 497 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
497 Iva: Iva babban bel ne babban tauraron da yake kewaya Rana, kar a rude shi da 1627 Ivar.
Milkovich v. Lorain Jaridar Co.: Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co. , 497 US 1 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ta Amurka ce da ta ƙi amincewa da hujjar cewa akwai wata dama ta daban game da ɓatanci. Masu sharhi na shari'a sun gan shi azaman ƙarshen zamani wanda ya fara da New York Times Co. v. Sullivan kuma ya ci gaba da Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. , wanda kotun ta fayyace kuma ta faɗaɗa kewayon da girman abin da zai iya a fada a cikin manema labarai ba tare da tsoron shari'ar ba.
Illinois v. Rodriguez: Illinois v. Rodriguez , 497 US 177 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ce ta Amurka da ke magana a kan batun ko binciken da ba a bayar da izini ba bisa yardar wani na uku ya saba wa Kwaskwarimar ta Hudu yayin da ɓangare na uku ba su mallaki ikon gama gari ba a zahiri .
Cruzan v. Darakta, Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Missouri: Cruzan v. Darakta, Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Missouri , 497 US 261 (1990), yanke shawara ce mai kyau ta Kotun Koli ta Amurka da ta shafi saurayi wanda bai iya aiki ba. Shari'ar farko ta "' yancin mutuwa "da Kotun ta taɓa saurara, an yi ta muhawara game da Cruzan a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1989 kuma aka yanke hukunci a ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1990. A cikin hukuncin da aka yanke na 5-4, Kotun ta tabbatar da hukuncin farko na Kotun Supremeoli na Missouri yayi hukunci kan jihar Missouri, ganin an yarda da bukatar "bayyananniya kuma gamsasshiyar shaida" game da burin marassa lafiya don cire tallafin rayuwa. Babban mahimmin sakamakon shari'ar shine ƙirƙirar umarnin lafiya na gaba.
Georgia da South Carolina (1990): Georgia v. South Carolina , 497 US 376 (1990), ɗayan jerin tsararru ne na Kotun Supremeoli na Amurka da ke yanke hukunci kan iyakokin jihar Georgia. A wannan yanayin, Kotun ta yanke hukuncin iyakar da ke tsakanin Kogin Savannah da kuma ko tsibirai su zama wani ɓangare na Georgia ko South Carolina. Hakanan ya yanke shawarar iyakar teku.
Hodgson v. Minnesota: Hodgson da Minnesota , 497 US 417 (1990), shari'ar haƙƙin zubar da ciki ce ta Kotun Koli ta Amurka da ta shafi ko dokar ƙasa na iya buƙatar sanarwar iyayen biyu kafin ƙaramin yaro ya sami zubar da ciki. Dokar da ake magana a kai ta ba da wata hanyar yin shari'a.
Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC: Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC , 497 US 547 (1990), shari'ar da Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta yanke cewa ta yi amfani da tsaka-tsakin bincike don daidaita ƙalubalen kariya ga dokokin tarayya ta yin amfani da rabe-raben launin fata mara kyau. Kotun ta bambanta hukuncin shekarar da ta gabata City na Richmond v. Kamfanin JA Croson , ta hanyar lura cewa ta shafi ayyukan gwamnatocin jihohi da na ƙananan hukumomi ne kawai. Kamfanin Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña ne ya soke Watsa shirye-shiryen Metro , wanda ya tabbatar da cewa yakamata ayi amfani da tsauraran bincike ga dokokin tarayya wadanda ke amfani da rabe-raben launin fata mara kyau.
Rutan v. Jam'iyyar Republican ta Illinois: Rutan v. Jam'iyyar Republican na Illinois , 497 US 62 (1990), hukuncin Kotun Koli na Amurka ne wanda ya nuna cewa Kwaskwarimar Farko ta hana wata hukuma daga bayar da shawararta na inganta, canja wuri, tuno, ko daukar ma'aikatan karamar hukuma. dangane da jam'iyyar su.
Walton v. Arizona: Walton da Arizona , 497 US 639 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ce ta Amurka wacce ta goyi bayan muhimman bangarori biyu game da tsarin yanke hukunci a Arizona - yanke hukunci na shari'a da kuma abin da ya kara munana "musamman mugunta, mugunta, ko lalata" - kamar ba mara ma'ana bisa tsarin mulki. Kotun ta rusa na farkon waɗannan abubuwan riƙewa a cikin Ring v. Arizona , 536 US 584 (2002). Na biyu daga cikin waɗannan hannayen jari har yanzu ba a birkice su ba.
Maryland v. Craig: Maryland da Craig , 497 US 836 (1990), shari'ar Kotun Koli ta Amurka ce da ta shafi Kwaskwarima na shida. Kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa Kundin Tsarin Mulki na karo shida, wanda ke bai wa wadanda ake tuhuma da laifi damar fuskantar shaidu a kansu, bai hana yin amfani da kafar talabijin ta rufe hanya don gabatar da shaida daga wanda ake zargi da cin zarafin yara ba.
Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC: Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC , 497 US 547 (1990), shari'ar da Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta yanke cewa ta yi amfani da tsaka-tsakin bincike don daidaita ƙalubalen kariya ga dokokin tarayya ta yin amfani da rabe-raben launin fata mara kyau. Kotun ta bambanta hukuncin shekarar da ta gabata City na Richmond v. Kamfanin JA Croson , ta hanyar lura cewa ta shafi ayyukan gwamnatocin jihohi da na ƙananan hukumomi ne kawai. Kamfanin Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña ne ya soke Watsa shirye-shiryen Metro , wanda ya tabbatar da cewa yakamata ayi amfani da tsauraran bincike ga dokokin tarayya wadanda ke amfani da rabe-raben launin fata mara kyau.
5th karni a Ireland: Abubuwan da suka faru daga ƙarni na 5 a ƙasar Ireland .
5th karni a shayari:
497th: 497th na iya koma zuwa: 497th Wurin Fanshin Sama, unitungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka 7ungiyar Bombardment ta 497th, Forceungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ba ta aiki 497th Bombardment Squadron, inungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ba ta aiki 497th Combat Training Squadron, Airungiyar Sojan Sama ta Amurka 497th Leken Asiri, Sa ido da kuma Rukuni na Rukuni wani yanki ne na leken asiri a Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia
Injiniyan Masarauta na Kent: Injiniyan Kent Fortress Royal Engineers (KFRE) ƙungiya ce ta voluntean ƙasa na Sojojin Burtaniya waɗanda suka ga aiki a duka Yaƙin Duniya. Sun kasance sanannu saboda ayyukansu na nasara a cikin Mayu 1940, lokacin da suka lalata ɗakunan ajiyar mai da kayan aikin da ke gab da ci gaban Jamusawa, kuma a watan Agusta 1944 yayin ƙetare Kogin Seine.
97th (Scottasar Scotland ta Scotland) imentungiya mai Rarraba Jirgin Sama, Royal Artillery: Rundunonin Yaki da Jirgin Sama na 97 mai nauyi, Royal Artillery , wani yanki ne na kare iska na Sojojin Birtaniyya (TA) da aka kafa a lokacin rikicin duniya wanda ya kai ga barkewar yakin duniya na II. An tashe shi azaman rukunin sojoji biyu daga sanannen imentan kungiyar Scotland Scottish Regiment. Rukunin ya kare London yayin The Blitz sannan ya yi aiki a Sicily da Italiya, duka a cikin anti-jirgin sama (AA) da matsakaiciyar rawar bindiga. Regan sanda ya ci gaba a bayan yakin TA har zuwa haɗuwa a cikin 1955.
97th (Scottasar Scotland ta Scotland) imentungiya mai Rarraba Jirgin Sama, Royal Artillery: Rundunonin Yaki da Jirgin Sama na 97 mai nauyi, Royal Artillery , wani yanki ne na kare iska na Sojojin Birtaniyya (TA) da aka kafa a lokacin rikicin duniya wanda ya kai ga barkewar yakin duniya na II. An tashe shi azaman rukunin sojoji biyu daga sanannen imentan kungiyar Scotland Scottish Regiment. Rukunin ya kare London yayin The Blitz sannan ya yi aiki a Sicily da Italiya, duka a cikin anti-jirgin sama (AA) da matsakaiciyar rawar bindiga. Regan sanda ya ci gaba a bayan yakin TA har zuwa haɗuwa a cikin 1955.
Rukunin Jirgin Sama na 497th: Rukunin Jirgin Saman Jirgin Sama na 497 rukuni na Sojan Sama na Amurka na ɗan lokaci. An sanya shi zuwa Sojan Sama na Pacific don kunnawa ko rashin aiki kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Rukunin Jirgin Sama na 497th: Rukunin Jirgin Saman Jirgin Sama na 497 rukuni na Sojan Sama na Amurka na ɗan lokaci. An sanya shi zuwa Sojan Sama na Pacific don kunnawa ko rashin aiki kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Rukunin Jirgin Sama na 497th: Rukunin Jirgin Saman Jirgin Sama na 497 rukuni na Sojan Sama na Amurka na ɗan lokaci. An sanya shi zuwa Sojan Sama na Pacific don kunnawa ko rashin aiki kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Rukunin Bombardment na 497: Rukunin Bombardment na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Unitungiyar ba ta aiki a ranar 31 Maris 1946.
7ungiyar Bombardment 497th: 7ungiyar 497th Bombardment Squadron ƙungiya ce ta Sojan Sama ta Amurka da ba ta aiki. Na ƙarshe an sanya shi zuwa Rukunin Bombardment na 344, wanda aka kafa a Fadar Schleissheim, Jamus. An kashe shi a ranar 15 Fabrairu 1946.
Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497th: Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Aikinta na yanzu shi ne Paya Lebar Air Base na Singapore, inda aikinta shi ne samar da aiki da kayan aiki ga jirgin saman yakin Amurka da aka tura zuwa Singapore don atisayen horo tare da Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497th: Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Aikinta na yanzu shi ne Paya Lebar Air Base na Singapore, inda aikinta shi ne samar da aiki da kayan aiki ga jirgin saman yakin Amurka da aka tura zuwa Singapore don atisayen horo tare da Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497th: Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Aikinta na yanzu shi ne Paya Lebar Air Base na Singapore, inda aikinta shi ne samar da aiki da kayan aiki ga jirgin saman yakin Amurka da aka tura zuwa Singapore don atisayen horo tare da Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497th: Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Aikinta na yanzu shi ne Paya Lebar Air Base na Singapore, inda aikinta shi ne samar da aiki da kayan aiki ga jirgin saman yakin Amurka da aka tura zuwa Singapore don atisayen horo tare da Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
497th Intelligence, Kulawa da Rukuni na Rukuni: Intelligungiyar Leken Asiri ta 7asa ta 497, Sa ido da kuma Sanarwa rukuni ne na leken asiri da ke Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia.
497th Intelligence, Kulawa da Rukuni na Rukuni: Intelligungiyar Leken Asiri ta 7asa ta 497, Sa ido da kuma Sanarwa rukuni ne na leken asiri da ke Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia.
497th Intelligence, Kulawa da Rukuni na Rukuni: Intelligungiyar Leken Asiri ta 7asa ta 497, Sa ido da kuma Sanarwa rukuni ne na leken asiri da ke Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia.
497th Intelligence, Kulawa da Rukuni na Rukuni: Intelligungiyar Leken Asiri ta 7asa ta 497, Sa ido da kuma Sanarwa rukuni ne na leken asiri da ke Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia.
497th Intelligence, Kulawa da Rukuni na Rukuni: Intelligungiyar Leken Asiri ta 7asa ta 497, Sa ido da kuma Sanarwa rukuni ne na leken asiri da ke Joint Base Langley – Eustis, Virginia.
Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497th: Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Aikinta na yanzu shi ne Paya Lebar Air Base na Singapore, inda aikinta shi ne samar da aiki da kayan aiki ga jirgin saman yakin Amurka da aka tura zuwa Singapore don atisayen horo tare da Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497th: Jirgin Saman Yaki na 497 rukuni ne na Sojan Sama na Amurka. Aikinta na yanzu shi ne Paya Lebar Air Base na Singapore, inda aikinta shi ne samar da aiki da kayan aiki ga jirgin saman yakin Amurka da aka tura zuwa Singapore don atisayen horo tare da Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
498: Yanda Shekarar 498 ( CDXCVIII ) shekara ce gama gari wacce ta fara ranar Alhamis a kalandar Julian. A lokacin, an san shi da Shekarar ulsarfafawa na Paulinus da Scytha . An yi amfani da darikar 498 na wannan shekarar tun farkon zamanin da, lokacin da kalandar Anno Domini ta zama hanyar gama gari a Turai don sanya suna.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Lokaci na lokaci mai zuwa: Duk da cewa ba za a iya yin hasashen nan gaba da tabbaci ba, fahimtar da ake da ita a yanzu a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyya na ba da damar hasashen wasu abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba, in dai a mafi fadi ne. Wadannan fannonin sun hada da ilimin taurari, wanda ya bayyana yadda taurari da taurari ke samuwa, da mu'amala, da kuma mutuwa; kimiyyar lissafi, wanda ya bayyana yadda kwayar halitta ke aiki a mafi karancin sikeli; ilimin halittar rayuwa, wanda yake hasashen yadda rayuwa zata kasance akan lokaci; da plate tectonics, wanda ke nuna yadda nahiyoyin ke canzawa zuwa millennia.
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 498001–499000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
Jerin kananan duniyoyi: 4001-5000:
498A: Kyautar Bikin aure: 498A: Kyautar Bikin aure fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na 2012 wanda aka shirya a New Delhi, Indiya. Suhaib Ilyasi ne ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni kuma ya nuna yadda ba'a amfani da dokokin yaki da sadaki.
498A: Kyautar Bikin aure: 498A: Kyautar Bikin aure fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na 2012 wanda aka shirya a New Delhi, Indiya. Suhaib Ilyasi ne ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni kuma ya nuna yadda ba'a amfani da dokokin yaki da sadaki.
498A: Kyautar Bikin aure: 498A: Kyautar Bikin aure fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na 2012 wanda aka shirya a New Delhi, Indiya. Suhaib Ilyasi ne ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni kuma ya nuna yadda ba'a amfani da dokokin yaki da sadaki.
498A: Kyautar Bikin aure: 498A: Kyautar Bikin aure fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na 2012 wanda aka shirya a New Delhi, Indiya. Suhaib Ilyasi ne ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni kuma ya nuna yadda ba'a amfani da dokokin yaki da sadaki.