Transportation in Alaska, Transport in Antarctica, Transport in Cambodia

Shigo a Alaska: Wannan labarin yayi magana akan sufuri a jihar Alaska ta Amurka .
Kai a Antarctica: Sufuri a cikin Antarctica ya canza daga masu binciken da suke tsallaka wani keɓaɓɓen yankin na Antarctica da ƙafa zuwa wani sabon yanayi saboda fasahohin ɗan adam wanda ke ba da damar sauƙaƙawa da sauri sauri, galibi ta iska da ruwa, da ƙasa. Fasahohin sufuri a wani yanki mai nisa kamar Antarctica suna buƙatar iya magance ƙarancin yanayin zafi da iska mai ci gaba don tabbatar da lafiyar matafiya. Dangane da raunin yanayin Antarctic, ƙarancin zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga ne kaɗai za a iya aiwatarwa kuma dole ne a yi amfani da fasahohin sufuri mai ɗorewa don rage sawun muhalli. Abubuwan more rayuwa na ƙasa, ruwa da sufurin sama suna buƙatar aminci da ɗorewa. A halin yanzu dubban masu yawon bude ido da daruruwan masana kimiyya a shekara sun dogara ne da tsarin sufuri na Antarctic.
Kai a Kambodiya: Tsarin sufuri a cikin Kambodiya , wanda ya kasance mafi kyau a mafi kyawun lokuta, ya lalace sosai a cikin hargitsi wanda ya mamaye ƙasar a ƙarshen rabin karni na 20. Rashin isassun kayayyakin sufuri a kasar sun hana ayyukan agajin gaggawa, lamarin da ya kara dagula lamurra na sayan kayayyaki gaba daya da kuma yadda ake rabar da su. Kambodiya ta sami tallafin Soviet da kayan aiki don tallafawa ci gaba da hanyar sadarwar sufuri.
Shigo a Kanada: Sufuri a Kanada , babbar ƙasa ta biyu mafi girma a duniya a cikin yanki gaba ɗaya, an sadaukar da ita ne don samun ingantaccen, jigilar fasinjoji da yawa wanda ke ba da damar sau da yawa tazara mai nisa tsakanin wuraren hakar albarkatun ƙasa, noma da yankunan birane. Tsarin sufuri na Kanada ya hada da hanyoyi sama da kilomita 1,400,000 (mi 870,000 mi), manyan filayen jiragen sama na duniya 10, ƙananan filayen jiragen sama 300, 72,093 km (44,797 mi) na layin dogo mai aiki, da fiye da tashar jiragen ruwa 300 da tashar jiragen ruwa waɗanda ke ba da damar zuwa Pacific, Tekun Atlantika da Arctic da kuma Manyan Tabkuna da kuma St. Lawrence Seaway. A cikin 2005, bangaren sufuri ya kasance kaso 4.2 na GDP na Kanada, idan aka kwatanta da 3.7% na masana'antar haƙo ma'adinai da haƙo mai da Kanada.
Jirgin sama a China: Ya zuwa Disamba 2017, akwai tashar jirgin sama ta kasuwanci 229 a China.
Kai a Indiya: Kai a cikin Indiya ya ƙunshi jigilar ta ƙasa, ruwa da iska. Jigilar jama'a ita ce hanya ta farko ta jigilar mutane don yawancin 'yan Indiya, kuma tsarin jigilar jama'a na Indiya suna cikin mafi yawan amfani da su a duniya.
Shigo cikin Isra'ila: Sufuri a cikin Isra'ila ya dogara ne akan motocin keɓaɓɓu da sabis na bas da kuma hanyar jirgin ƙasa mai faɗaɗa. Bukatun karuwar jama'a, abubuwan siyasa, Dakarun tsaron Israila, yawon bude ido da karin zirga-zirga sun sanya hanzarin.Dukkan fuskokin sufuri a Isra'ila suna karkashin kulawar Ma'aikatar Sufuri da Kariyar Hanyoyi.
Kai a Pakistan: Sufuri a cikin Pakistan yana da yawa kuma ya bambanta, kuma yana hidimtar da sama da mutane miliyan 212.2. A shekarun baya, an gina sabbin manyan titunan kasar, tare da karin hanyoyin mota wadanda suka inganta kasuwanci da kayan aiki a cikin kasar. Hakanan layin dogo na Pakistan mallakar Railways na Pakistan shima yana cikin faɗaɗa a cikin recentan shekarun nan. An gina filayen jiragen sama da tashoshin jiragen ruwa tare da karin kudaden kasashen waje da na cikin gida.
Shigo a cikin Taiwan: Ma'aikatar Sufuri da Sadarwa tana kula da harkokin sufuri a Taiwan.
Shigo a cikin Vienna: Vienna tana da tsarin sufuri da yawa wanda ya haɗa da hanyoyin mota, layin dogo da kuma jigilar jama'a.
Jirgin sama a Vietnam: Jirgin sama a Vietnam shine jigilar jiragen sama na fasinjoji, jigilar kaya da wasiƙa tsakanin Vietnam da tsakanin Vietnam da sauran duniya. Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen sama ta Vietnam, hukumar kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a karkashin Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Vietnam, ce ke lura da ayyukan aiyukan jirgin a kasar.
Jirgin sama a cikin Yugoslavia: Wannan labarin yana ba da bayyani game da jigilar sama a cikin Yugoslavia, ƙasa a cikin Balkans wacce ta wanzu daga 1918 har zuwa rugujewarta a cikin 1990s.
Kai a Zambiya: Wannan labarin shine game da jigilar kaya a cikin Zambiya .
Jirgin sama a United Kingdom: Jirgin sama a cikin Burtaniya shine jigilar fasinjoji, jigilar kaya da wasiƙa ta jirgin sama, duka cikin Kingdomasar Ingila (UK) da tsakanin Burtaniya da sauran ƙasashen duniya. A cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata masana'antu sun ga ci gaba mai dorewa, kuma ana bukatar haskaka musamman game da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama daga fasinjoji miliyan 236 na yanzu zuwa miliyan 465 a 2030. Filin jirgin sama daya, Heathrow Airport, yana daga cikin goman farko. tashar jirgin sama mafi cunkosu a duniya. Fiye da rabin dukkan fasinjojin da ke tafiya ta jirgin sama a cikin Burtaniya a halin yanzu suna tafiya ne ta filayen jirgin saman guda shida na Landan. A wajen Landan, Filin jirgin saman Manchester shine mafi girma kuma mafi yawan cunkoson sauran filayen jiragen sama, yana aiki a matsayin matattarar mutane miliyan 20 ko kuma mutanen da ke rayuwa cikin tafiyar sa'a biyu. Filin jirgin saman yanki sun sami ci gaba mafi girma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda nasarar kamfanonin jiragen sama masu arha a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.
Jirgin sama a United Kingdom: Jirgin sama a cikin Burtaniya shine jigilar fasinjoji, jigilar kaya da wasiƙa ta jirgin sama, duka cikin Kingdomasar Ingila (UK) da tsakanin Burtaniya da sauran ƙasashen duniya. A cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata masana'antu sun ga ci gaba mai dorewa, kuma ana bukatar haskaka musamman game da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama daga fasinjoji miliyan 236 na yanzu zuwa miliyan 465 a 2030. Filin jirgin sama daya, Heathrow Airport, yana daga cikin goman farko. tashar jirgin sama mafi cunkosu a duniya. Fiye da rabin dukkan fasinjojin da ke tafiya ta jirgin sama a cikin Burtaniya a halin yanzu suna tafiya ne ta filayen jirgin saman guda shida na Landan. A wajen Landan, Filin jirgin saman Manchester shine mafi girma kuma mafi yawan cunkoson sauran filayen jiragen sama, yana aiki a matsayin matattarar mutane miliyan 20 ko kuma mutanen da ke rayuwa cikin tafiyar sa'a biyu. Filin jirgin saman yanki sun sami ci gaba mafi girma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda nasarar kamfanonin jiragen sama masu arha a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.
Jirgin sama a Amurka: Amurka tana da hanyar sadarwa ta jirgin sama mai yawa. A cikin 2013, akwai filayen jiragen sama 86 a Amurka wadanda suke daukar nauyin fasinjoji sama da 1,000,000 kowannensu kuma goma sha biyu daga cikin filayen jiragen sama talatin da suka fi cunkoson jirage a duniya a shekarar 2014 suna cikin Amurka, gami da na duniya mafi hadari, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. A shekarar 2012, kashi 88% na dukkan zirga-zirga sun kasance ta filayen tashin jirage 62 da suka fi cunkoson jirage a kasar. Dangane da kaya, a cikin 2015, takwas daga cikin filayen jirgin sama talatin da suka fi cunkoson duniya sun kasance a Amurka, gami da na biyu mafi cunkoson duniya, Filin jirgin sama na Memphis, a bayan Filin jirgin saman Hong Kong na China kawai. Ana amfani da jiragen sama masu zaman kansu don gaggawa na gaggawa, hukumomin gwamnati, manyan 'yan kasuwa, da daidaikun mutane, duba babban jirgin sama.
Jirgin sama a United Kingdom: Jirgin sama a cikin Burtaniya shine jigilar fasinjoji, jigilar kaya da wasiƙa ta jirgin sama, duka cikin Kingdomasar Ingila (UK) da tsakanin Burtaniya da sauran ƙasashen duniya. A cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata masana'antu sun ga ci gaba mai dorewa, kuma ana bukatar haskaka musamman game da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama daga fasinjoji miliyan 236 na yanzu zuwa miliyan 465 a 2030. Filin jirgin sama daya, Heathrow Airport, yana daga cikin goman farko. tashar jirgin sama mafi cunkosu a duniya. Fiye da rabin dukkan fasinjojin da ke tafiya ta jirgin sama a cikin Burtaniya a halin yanzu suna tafiya ne ta filayen jirgin saman guda shida na Landan. A wajen Landan, Filin jirgin saman Manchester shine mafi girma kuma mafi yawan cunkoson sauran filayen jiragen sama, yana aiki a matsayin matattarar mutane miliyan 20 ko kuma mutanen da ke rayuwa cikin tafiyar sa'a biyu. Filin jirgin saman yanki sun sami ci gaba mafi girma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda nasarar kamfanonin jiragen sama masu arha a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.
Jirgin sama na dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati: Ana ba da jigilar sama ta dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati , gwargwadon yanayi da samuwa, ta wasu sojoji da farar hula masu aiki. Wannan ya hada da Airbus Voyager na Royal Air Force, No. 10 Squadron da Sarauniyar Helicopter Flight, wanda ya kasance wani bangare na Gidan Sarauta. Hakanan ana amfani da jiragen saman farar hula da jiragen kasuwanci da aka tsara.
Jirgin sama na dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati: Ana ba da jigilar sama ta dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati , gwargwadon yanayi da samuwa, ta wasu sojoji da farar hula masu aiki. Wannan ya hada da Airbus Voyager na Royal Air Force, No. 10 Squadron da Sarauniyar Helicopter Flight, wanda ya kasance wani bangare na Gidan Sarauta. Hakanan ana amfani da jiragen saman farar hula da jiragen kasuwanci da aka tsara.
Royal Canadian Air Force VIP jirgin sama: Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Kanada (RCAF) tana kula da jiragen sama na musamman don jigilar masarautar Kanada, janar janar, membobin gidan Sarauta, Firayim Minista, manyan membobin Gwamnatin Kanada, da sauran manyan mutane. An shirya ƙaramin rukuni na jirgin sama mai cikakken iko na jigilar jigilar jigila zuwa rukuni biyu na RCAF. Sauran RCAF na yaƙi da jirage masu saukar ungulu da jiragen sama masu tsayayyen jirgi, jiragen farar hula da aka yi haya, da kuma tashin jiragen kasuwanci lokaci-lokaci ana iya amfani da su don biyan bukatun Jirgin saman VIP na Kanada.
Jirgin sama na dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati: Ana ba da jigilar sama ta dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati , gwargwadon yanayi da samuwa, ta wasu sojoji da farar hula masu aiki. Wannan ya hada da Airbus Voyager na Royal Air Force, No. 10 Squadron da Sarauniyar Helicopter Flight, wanda ya kasance wani bangare na Gidan Sarauta. Hakanan ana amfani da jiragen saman farar hula da jiragen kasuwanci da aka tsara.
Jirgin sama na dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati: Ana ba da jigilar sama ta dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati , gwargwadon yanayi da samuwa, ta wasu sojoji da farar hula masu aiki. Wannan ya hada da Airbus Voyager na Royal Air Force, No. 10 Squadron da Sarauniyar Helicopter Flight, wanda ya kasance wani bangare na Gidan Sarauta. Hakanan ana amfani da jiragen saman farar hula da jiragen kasuwanci da aka tsara.
Jirgin sama na dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati: Ana ba da jigilar sama ta dangin masarautar Burtaniya da gwamnati , gwargwadon yanayi da samuwa, ta wasu sojoji da farar hula masu aiki. Wannan ya hada da Airbus Voyager na Royal Air Force, No. 10 Squadron da Sarauniyar Helicopter Flight, wanda ya kasance wani bangare na Gidan Sarauta. Hakanan ana amfani da jiragen saman farar hula da jiragen kasuwanci da aka tsara.
Kamfanin lasisin jirgin sama na sufurin jirgin sama: Lasisin lasisin jirgin sama na jirgin sama ( ATPL ), ko kuma a cikin Amurka ta Amurka, takardar shaidar matukin jirgin sama na jirgin sama (ATP) shine matakin mafi girman takardar shaidar matukin jirgin sama. Wadanda aka tabbatar da su a matsayin matukan jirgin safarar jiragen sama (ba tare da wani sharadi ba) an basu izinin yin aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a cikin jirgin da aka tsara a karkashin jirgin CFR 14 Kashi na 121. A Burtaniya, dole ne matukan jirgi su rike ATPL kafin su iya zama matukin jirgi a cikin jirgin sama tare da 9 ko karin kujerun fasinja
Jirgin sama: Jirgin sama shine ayyukan da ke kewaye da jirgin sama da masana'antar jirgin sama. Jirgin sama ya hada da tsayayyun fuka-fukai da nau'ikan juzu'i-fuka-fukai, fukafukai masu sassarfa, gawarwakin da ba sa dauke da fika-fikai, da kuma kere-keren iska-sama-da-kasa kamar ballon iska mai iska da iska.
Tattalin arzikin Colombia: Tattalin arzikin Colombia shine na huɗu mafi girma a Latin Amurka kamar yadda aka auna ta da yawan kayan cikin gida. Kwalambiya ta sami ci gaba ta fuskar tattalin arziki cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. A cikin karni na 20 Colombia ita ce ta 4 da 3 mafi girma a tattalin arzikin GDP (PPP) ta Latin Amurka kuma tsakanin 2012-2014 ya zama na 4 mafi girma a Latin Amurka (mara suna) GDP. Zuwa shekarar 2018 GDP (PPP) na kowane mutum ya karu zuwa sama da dalar Amurka 14,000, kuma GDP (PPP) ya karu daga dala biliyan 250 a 1990 zuwa kusan dala biliyan 800. Matakan talauci sun kai kamar 65% a 1990, amma ya ragu zuwa ƙasa da 30% zuwa 2014.
Shigo a cikin Colorado: Jirgin saman Colorado ya ƙunshi hanyar haɗi, babbar titi, dogo, da zaɓuɓɓukan iska. Duk da yake tsarin jigilar jama'a a Denver ya fi rikitarwa da bunkasa fiye da sauran sassan jihar, yawon shakatawa da haɓaka sun haifar da buƙatu masu yawa a duk faɗin jihar.
Jirgin sama a Indonesia: Jirgin sama a cikin Indonesia ya zama babbar hanya ta haɗa dubunnan tsibirai a cikin tsibirin. Indonesiya ita ce ƙasa mafi yawan tsibirai a duniya, ta faɗaɗa kilomita 5,120 (3,181 mi) daga gabas zuwa yamma da kuma kilomita 1,760 (1,094 mi) daga arewa zuwa kudu, wanda ya ƙunshi tsibirai 13,466, tare da 922 daga cikin waɗanda ke zaune har abada. Tare da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan 255 - wanda ya mai da ita ƙasa ta huɗu mafi yawan jama'a a duniya - sannan kuma saboda haɓakar masu matsakaitan ra'ayi, haɓakar masu jigilar farashi mai tsada a cikin shekaru goman da suka gabata, da ci gaban tattalin arziƙi gabaɗaya. yawancin matafiya cikin gida sun sauya daga jigilar kasa da ta teku zuwa tafiye-tafiye da sauri da sauƙi. Ana kallon Indonesia a matsayin kasuwa mai tasowa don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a yankin. Tsakanin 2009 da 2014, yawan fasinjojin jirgin sama na Indonesiya ya ƙaru daga 27,421,235 zuwa 94,504,086, ƙari ya ninka sau uku.
Shigo a cikin Minnesota: Shige da fice a cikin jihar Minnesota ta Amurka ya ƙunshi hadaddun hanyoyin sadarwa, hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa, hanyoyin ruwa da filayen jirgin sama. Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Minnesota, wata hukuma ce ta minista a gwamnatin jihar ce ke kula da tsarin safarar. Bugu da ƙari, gwamnatocin yankuna kamar Metropolitan Council suna da iko kan tsarin yanki don tsarin sufuri da ƙananan hukumomi kamar birane da ƙananan hukumomi suna kula da hanyar sadarwar cikin gida.
Jirgin sama a cikin babban birni na New York: Yankin babban birni na New York yana da tsarin tashar jirgin sama mafi cunkoson ababen hawa a Amurka. Hakanan shi ne tashar shigarwa da tashin tashin jiragen sama na duniya. A shekarar 2011, fasinjoji sama da miliyan 104 ne suka yi amfani da filayen jirgin saman karkashin kulawar Hukumar Kula da Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta New York da New Jersey (PANYNJ). Adadin ya karu zuwa miliyan 117 a shekarar 2014.
Jirgin sama a Romania: Romania nada wadatacciyar al'ada a jirgin sama. A farkon karni na 20, majagaba irin su Henri Coanda, Aurel Vlaicu, Traian Vuia da George Valentin Bibescu sun ba da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga tarihin jirgin sama na farko, gina jiragen sama masu juyi da ba da gudummawa ga yanayin duniya.
Jirgin sama a cikin Philippines: Jirgin sama a cikin Filipinas yana komawa zuwa farkon zamanin jirgin sama kafin yakin duniya na biyu, a lokacin mulkin mallakar Amurka na Philippines. A halin yanzu, Philippines tana da kamfanonin kamfanonin jirgin sama da yawa da ke rajista, amma galibi an ba su haya. Akwai manyan rukuni biyu na kamfanonin jirgin sama na cikin gida suna kasuwanci kamar Philippine Airlines da Cebu Pacific, tare da AirAsia Philippines suna gasa akan wasu hanyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa. Kasuwancin cikin gida ya mamaye rukunin Cebu Pacific wanda ke da kaso 61% na kasuwa, sai kuma kamfanin jiragen sama na Philippine wanda yake da kashi 29%, sai kuma AirAsia, mai kaso 9%.
Jirgin sama a Amurka: Amurka tana da hanyar sadarwa ta jirgin sama mai yawa. A cikin 2013, akwai filayen jiragen sama 86 a Amurka wadanda suke daukar nauyin fasinjoji sama da 1,000,000 kowannensu kuma goma sha biyu daga cikin filayen jiragen sama talatin da suka fi cunkoson jirage a duniya a shekarar 2014 suna cikin Amurka, gami da na duniya mafi hadari, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. A shekarar 2012, kashi 88% na dukkan zirga-zirga sun kasance ta filayen tashin jirage 62 da suka fi cunkoson jirage a kasar. Dangane da kaya, a cikin 2015, takwas daga cikin filayen jirgin sama talatin da suka fi cunkoson duniya sun kasance a Amurka, gami da na biyu mafi cunkoson duniya, Filin jirgin sama na Memphis, a bayan Filin jirgin saman Hong Kong na China kawai. Ana amfani da jiragen sama masu zaman kansu don gaggawa na gaggawa, hukumomin gwamnati, manyan 'yan kasuwa, da daidaikun mutane, duba babban jirgin sama.
Jirgin sama na shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci: Filayen jirgin sama na shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci , a cikin ƙasashe da yawa, ana ba da su ta sama cikin jiragen sama na musamman ko jiragen sama na kasuwanci. Suchaya daga cikin irin waɗannan jiragen musamman sun zama ɓangare na al'adun da aka shahara: Air Force One, wanda Shugaban Amurka ke amfani da shi kuma Amintaccen Sojan Sama na Amurka ke aiki. Sauran sanannun jirgin sama na hukuma sun hada da jirgin shugaban kasar Rasha, jirgin British Royal Air Force VIP, Faransa "Cotam 001" da ETEC 65 ke aiki, da Royal Canadian Air Force VIP jirgin sama, da Konrad Adenauer na Jamus, da Royal Australian Airforce VIP jirgin sama , Sojan Sama na Japan, da Koriya ta Kudu Code Daya, Air India One, da kuma Sojan Sama na Brazil.
Jirgin sama na shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci: Filayen jirgin sama na shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci , a cikin ƙasashe da yawa, ana ba da su ta sama cikin jiragen sama na musamman ko jiragen sama na kasuwanci. Suchaya daga cikin irin waɗannan jiragen musamman sun zama ɓangare na al'adun da aka shahara: Air Force One, wanda Shugaban Amurka ke amfani da shi kuma Amintaccen Sojan Sama na Amurka ke aiki. Sauran sanannun jirgin sama na hukuma sun hada da jirgin shugaban kasar Rasha, jirgin British Royal Air Force VIP, Faransa "Cotam 001" da ETEC 65 ke aiki, da Royal Canadian Air Force VIP jirgin sama, da Konrad Adenauer na Jamus, da Royal Australian Airforce VIP jirgin sama , Sojan Sama na Japan, da Koriya ta Kudu Code Daya, Air India One, da kuma Sojan Sama na Brazil.
Jirgin sama na shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci: Filayen jirgin sama na shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatoci , a cikin ƙasashe da yawa, ana ba da su ta sama cikin jiragen sama na musamman ko jiragen sama na kasuwanci. Suchaya daga cikin irin waɗannan jiragen musamman sun zama ɓangare na al'adun da aka shahara: Air Force One, wanda Shugaban Amurka ke amfani da shi kuma Amintaccen Sojan Sama na Amurka ke aiki. Sauran sanannun jirgin sama na hukuma sun hada da jirgin shugaban kasar Rasha, jirgin British Royal Air Force VIP, Faransa "Cotam 001" da ETEC 65 ke aiki, da Royal Canadian Air Force VIP jirgin sama, da Konrad Adenauer na Jamus, da Royal Australian Airforce VIP jirgin sama , Sojan Sama na Japan, da Koriya ta Kudu Code Daya, Air India One, da kuma Sojan Sama na Brazil.
Jirgin iska: Tarkon iska , wanda kuma ake kira tarkon gas, rikitarwa ne mara kyau na iska a cikin huhu inda yake da wuya a fitar da shi gaba ɗaya. Ana lura dashi a cikin cututtukan huhu masu nakasa kamar asma, cututtukan obliterans na bronchiolitis da cututtukan huhu masu tsauri kamar emphysema da mashako na kullum.
Jirgin sama: Jirgin sama wani nau'i ne na tafiye-tafiye a cikin ababen hawa kamar su jirgin sama, jirgin sama na sama, jirage masu saukar ungulu, balo-balo mai zafi, blimps, gliders, hangen gliders, parachutes, ko wani abu da zai iya ci gaba da tafiya. Amfani da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ya haɓaka ƙwarai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan - a duk duniya ya ninka tsakanin shekarun 1980 zuwa shekarar 2000. Balaguron jirgin sama na zamani ya fi aminci fiye da tafiye-tafiye.
Tasirin muhalli na jirgin sama: Kamar sauran hayakin da ke fitarwa sakamakon konewar mai, injunan jirgin sama suna samar da gas, amo, da wasu abubuwa, suna haifar da damuwar muhalli dangane da tasirinsu na duniya da kuma tasirin ingancin iska na gida. kuma, tare da ƙarancin fahimtar kimiyya, nitrogen oxides, contrails da particulates.An kiyasta tilasta haskakawar su zuwa 1.3-1.4 na CO 2 shi kadai, ban da gajimare wanda ya haifar da gajimare mai karancin fahimtar kimiya. A cikin 2018, kasuwancin kasuwanci na duniya ya samar da 2.4% na duka CO Fitarwa 2 .
Tasirin muhalli na jirgin sama: Kamar sauran hayakin da ke fitarwa sakamakon konewar mai, injunan jirgin sama suna samar da gas, amo, da wasu abubuwa, suna haifar da damuwar muhalli dangane da tasirinsu na duniya da kuma tasirin ingancin iska na gida. kuma, tare da ƙarancin fahimtar kimiyya, nitrogen oxides, contrails da particulates.An kiyasta tilasta haskakawar su zuwa 1.3-1.4 na CO 2 shi kadai, ban da gajimare wanda ya haifar da gajimare mai karancin fahimtar kimiya. A cikin 2018, kasuwancin kasuwanci na duniya ya samar da 2.4% na duka CO Fitarwa 2 .
Tasirin muhalli na jirgin sama: Kamar sauran hayakin da ke fitarwa sakamakon konewar mai, injunan jirgin sama suna samar da gas, amo, da wasu abubuwa, suna haifar da damuwar muhalli dangane da tasirinsu na duniya da kuma tasirin ingancin iska na gida. kuma, tare da ƙarancin fahimtar kimiyya, nitrogen oxides, contrails da particulates.An kiyasta tilasta haskakawar su zuwa 1.3-1.4 na CO 2 shi kadai, ban da gajimare wanda ya haifar da gajimare mai karancin fahimtar kimiya. A cikin 2018, kasuwancin kasuwanci na duniya ya samar da 2.4% na duka CO Fitarwa 2 .
Rushewar jirgin sama bayan fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na 2010: Dangane da damuwar da aka fitar da tokar dutsen da ke cikin fashewar Eyjafjallajökull a shekarar 2010 a Iceland zai lalata injunan jirgin sama, an rufe sararin samaniyar kasashen Turai da yawa don dokokin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, wanda ya haifar da abin da a wancan lokacin shi ne mafi girman zirga-zirgar jiragen sama- ƙasa tun Yaƙin Duniya na II. Rufewar ta sa miliyoyin fasinjoji sun makale ba kawai a Turai ba, amma a duk duniya. Tare da rufe manyan sassan sararin samaniyar Turai don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, ya shafi wasu ƙasashe da yawa yayin da aka soke tashin jirgi zuwa, daga, da kan Turai.
Rushewar jirgin sama bayan fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na 2010: Dangane da damuwar da aka fitar da tokar dutsen da ke cikin fashewar Eyjafjallajökull a shekarar 2010 a Iceland zai lalata injunan jirgin sama, an rufe sararin samaniyar kasashen Turai da yawa don dokokin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, wanda ya haifar da abin da a wancan lokacin shi ne mafi girman zirga-zirgar jiragen sama- ƙasa tun Yaƙin Duniya na II. Rufewar ta sa miliyoyin fasinjoji sun makale ba kawai a Turai ba, amma a duk duniya. Tare da rufe manyan sassan sararin samaniyar Turai don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, ya shafi wasu ƙasashe da yawa yayin da aka soke tashin jirgi zuwa, daga, da kan Turai.
Rushewar jirgin sama bayan fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na 2010: Dangane da damuwar da aka fitar da tokar dutsen da ke cikin fashewar Eyjafjallajökull a shekarar 2010 a Iceland zai lalata injunan jirgin sama, an rufe sararin samaniyar kasashen Turai da yawa don dokokin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, wanda ya haifar da abin da a wancan lokacin shi ne mafi girman zirga-zirgar jiragen sama- ƙasa tun Yaƙin Duniya na II. Rufewar ta sa miliyoyin fasinjoji sun makale ba kawai a Turai ba, amma a duk duniya. Tare da rufe manyan sassan sararin samaniyar Turai don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, ya shafi wasu ƙasashe da yawa yayin da aka soke tashin jirgi zuwa, daga, da kan Turai.
Rushewar jirgin sama bayan fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na 2010: Dangane da damuwar da aka fitar da tokar dutsen da ke cikin fashewar Eyjafjallajökull a shekarar 2010 a Iceland zai lalata injunan jirgin sama, an rufe sararin samaniyar kasashen Turai da yawa don dokokin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, wanda ya haifar da abin da a wancan lokacin shi ne mafi girman zirga-zirgar jiragen sama- ƙasa tun Yaƙin Duniya na II. Rufewar ta sa miliyoyin fasinjoji sun makale ba kawai a Turai ba, amma a duk duniya. Tare da rufe manyan sassan sararin samaniyar Turai don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, ya shafi wasu ƙasashe da yawa yayin da aka soke tashin jirgi zuwa, daga, da kan Turai.
Fashewar Grímsvötn na 2011: Fashewar Grímsvötn na 2011 shine fashewar Plinian na Grímsvötn, dutsen da ya fi aiki a Iceland, wanda ya haifar da cikas ga zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a Arewa maso Yammacin Turai daga 22-25 Mayu 2011. Fashewa ta karshe ta Grímsvötn ita ce a 2004, tare da fashewar mafi karfi a baya a cikin 1783 , 1873 da 1902. Fashewar Grímsvötn ita ce mafi girma a Iceland tsawon shekaru 50.
2011-2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle fashewa: Fashewar Puyehue-Cordón Caulle na shekarar 2011–2012 wani tsauni ne wanda ya fara a hadadden dutsen Puyehue-Cordón Caulle a cikin kasar Chile a ranar 4 ga watan Yunin 2011. Fashewar, wacce ta faru daga fissure ta Cordón Caulle bayan shekaru 51 da dutsen mai tsawa ba ya aiki, mafi girman aman wuta na karni na 21 har zuwa yanzu. Akalla an kwashe mutane 3,500 daga yankunan da ke kusa, yayin da aka busa gajimare a duk biranen da ke kusa da Kudancin duniya, da suka hada da Bariloche, Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Stanley, Porto Alegre, Cape Town, Hobart, Perth, Adelaide, Sydney, Melbourne, Wellington, Auckland da Port Moresby, sun tilastawa kamfanonin jiragen sama soke daruruwan jiragen sama na kasashen waje da na cikin gida da haifar da rudani na tafiya.
Rushewar jirgin sama bayan fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na 2010: Dangane da damuwar da aka fitar da tokar dutsen da ke cikin fashewar Eyjafjallajökull a shekarar 2010 a Iceland zai lalata injunan jirgin sama, an rufe sararin samaniyar kasashen Turai da yawa don dokokin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, wanda ya haifar da abin da a wancan lokacin shi ne mafi girman zirga-zirgar jiragen sama- ƙasa tun Yaƙin Duniya na II. Rufewar ta sa miliyoyin fasinjoji sun makale ba kawai a Turai ba, amma a duk duniya. Tare da rufe manyan sassan sararin samaniyar Turai don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, ya shafi wasu ƙasashe da yawa yayin da aka soke tashin jirgi zuwa, daga, da kan Turai.
Jirgin sama a Amurka: Amurka tana da hanyar sadarwa ta jirgin sama mai yawa. A cikin 2013, akwai filayen jiragen sama 86 a Amurka wadanda suke daukar nauyin fasinjoji sama da 1,000,000 kowannensu kuma goma sha biyu daga cikin filayen jiragen sama talatin da suka fi cunkoson jirage a duniya a shekarar 2014 suna cikin Amurka, gami da na duniya mafi hadari, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. A shekarar 2012, kashi 88% na dukkan zirga-zirga sun kasance ta filayen tashin jirage 62 da suka fi cunkoson jirage a kasar. Dangane da kaya, a cikin 2015, takwas daga cikin filayen jirgin sama talatin da suka fi cunkoson duniya sun kasance a Amurka, gami da na biyu mafi cunkoson duniya, Filin jirgin sama na Memphis, a bayan Filin jirgin saman Hong Kong na China kawai. Ana amfani da jiragen sama masu zaman kansu don gaggawa na gaggawa, hukumomin gwamnati, manyan 'yan kasuwa, da daidaikun mutane, duba babban jirgin sama.
Jirgin sama tare da bindigogi da harsasai: Tafiya ta jirgin sama tare da bindigogi da harsasai ya ƙunshi dokoki da ƙa'idoji da ƙa'idodin da matafiya da bindigogi ko harsasai za su bi kuma ya kamata su saba da shi kafin tafiya. Rulesungiyar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (IATA) ce ke tsara manyan ƙa'idodin, amma akwai bambancin gida da yawa tsakanin kamfanonin jiragen sama da dokokin cikin gida wanda wasu lokuta ke karo da juna.
Alamar taurari: A cikin ilimin taurari na Yamma, alamun astrological su ne sassa goma sha biyu 30 ° na ecliptic, suna farawa daga farfajiyar farfajiyar farfajiyar vernal, wanda kuma aka fi sani da Farkon Wurin Aries. Umurnin alamun astrological shine Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius da Pisces. Kowane yanki an sanya masa suna don ƙungiyar tauraruwa a ciki a lokacin suna. Hakanan ana amfani da waɗannan rarrabuwa a cikin ilimin taurari na kimiyya har zuwa karni na 19 a wasu yanayi; duba daidaitattun kulawa.
Air turbin: Turbine mai iska shine turbine wanda iska ke gudana. Dabbobi daban-daban sun haɗa da: Injin turbine, tushen sabuntawar makamashi Gas turbine, wani nau'in injin konewa na ciki Ram turbine (RAT), tsarin wutar lantarki na gaggawa don jirgin sama Turananan iska masu amfani da iska, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su azaman injina masu saurin bugun iska a cikin kayan aiki kamar rawar likitan haƙori
Air turbin: Turbine mai iska shine turbine wanda iska ke gudana. Dabbobi daban-daban sun haɗa da: Injin turbine, tushen sabuntawar makamashi Gas turbine, wani nau'in injin konewa na ciki Ram turbine (RAT), tsarin wutar lantarki na gaggawa don jirgin sama Turananan iska masu amfani da iska, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su azaman injina masu saurin bugun iska a cikin kayan aiki kamar rawar likitan haƙori
Ramjet: Ramjet , wani lokacin ana kiransa da stovepipe mai tashi ko athodyd , wani nau'in injin iska ne wanda yake amfani da motsi na gaba don matse iska mai shigowa ba tare da matattarar axial ko kwampreso na tsakiya ba. Saboda katakon katako ba zai iya samar da iska a iska ba, ba za su iya motsa jirgin sama daga tsayawa ba. Saboda haka, motar da aka yi amfani da ita ta ramjet, tana bukatar a tashi sama kamar roket don hanzarta shi cikin sauri inda zai fara samar da tarko. Ramjets suna aiki da kyau sosai a saurin gudu a kusa da Mach 3. Irin wannan injin ɗin na iya aiki har zuwa saurin Mach 6.
Air turborocket: Jirgin turboroket ɗin iska wani nau'i ne na injin jet mai haɗuwa. Tsari na asali ya hada da janareto na gas, wanda ke samar da iskar gas mai matsin lamba, wanda ke jan taron turbine / compressor wanda ke damke iskar yanayi zuwa dakin konewa. Ana cakuda wannan cakuda kafin barin na'urar ta hancin bututun ƙarfe da ƙirƙirar matsi.
Air turborocket: Jirgin turboroket ɗin iska wani nau'i ne na injin jet mai haɗuwa. Tsari na asali ya hada da janareto na gas, wanda ke samar da iskar gas mai matsin lamba, wanda ke jan taron turbine / compressor wanda ke damke iskar yanayi zuwa dakin konewa. Ana cakuda wannan cakuda kafin barin na'urar ta hancin bututun ƙarfe da ƙirƙirar matsi.
Turbulence (disambiguation): Tashin hankali wani lamari ne mai ɗauke da motsi na iska da ruwa, wanda aka yi nazari akan tasirin ruwa.
InterCaribbian Airways: InterCaribbean Airways, Ltd. jirgin fasinja ne wanda ke zaune a Tsibirin Turks da Caicos. Kamfanin jirgin sama yana ba da sabis na cikin gida da na yanki daga cibiyarsa a Providenciales, Turks & Caicos da Tortola, British Virgin Islands, zuwa wurare da yawa a Antigua, Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico , St. Lucia, Barbados, Grenada, St. Vincent da Grenadines da St. Maarten. Kamfanin InterCaribbean Airways kuma yana gudanar da zirga-zirgar cikin gida a Jamaica tsakanin Kingston da Montego Bay, kamfanin jirgin sama na farko da ba na Jamaica ba a cikin sama da shekaru 50 da samun 'yancin Jamaica da aka ba irin wannan damar. Kamfanin yana bayar da jiragen haya.
Gidan talabijin na ƙasa: Talabijin na ƙasa wani nau'in watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin ne wanda ake watsa siginar talabijin ta raƙuman rediyo daga watsawa na ƙasa (tushen ƙasa) na tashar telebijin zuwa mai karɓar TV yana da eriya. Kalmar terrestrial ta fi yawa a Turai da Latin Amurka, yayin da a Amurka ana kiranta watsa shirye-shirye ko gidan talabijin na sama ( OTA ). Ana amfani da kalmar "terrestrial" don rarrabe wannan nau'in daga sabbin fasahohin tauraron dan adam, wanda a ke isar da siginar talabijin ga mai karba daga tauraron dan adam na sama; telebijin na USB, wanda a cikin siginar ke ɗauke da siginar zuwa mai karɓar ta hanyar kebul; da gidan talabijin na Yarjejeniyar Intanet, wanda a cikin sa ake karɓar siginar a rafin Intanet ko kan hanyar sadarwar da ke amfani da Yarjejeniyar Intanet. Gidajen telebijin na ƙasa suna watsa shirye-shirye a tashoshin telebijin tare da mitoci tsakanin kimanin 52 da 600 MHz a cikin ƙungiyar VHF da UHF. Tunda igiyar rediyo a cikin waɗannan rukunin suna tafiya ta layi na gani, yawanci ana iyakance liyafar ne ta hanyar gani zuwa nisan kilomita 64-97 (40-60 mi), kodayake a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi kuma tare da muryar tropospheric, wasu lokuta ana iya karɓar sigina sau ɗari kilomita nesa
Farkon Zabi Airways: Kamfanin First Choice Airways Limited ya kasance kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Burtaniya ne na kamfanin yawon bude ido na Turai TUI Travel PLC, wanda ke zaune a Crawley, Ingila har zuwa hadewar sa da Thomsonfly don samar da Thomson Airways a shekarar 2008. Ya tashi zuwa sama da wurare 60 a duniya daga tashar jirgin sama ta 14 UK da Irish. An yi amfani da kashi 70% na ayyukan kamfanin jirgin ne ga mahaifinsa, wanda ya tashi zuwa kashi 85% a lokacin bazara, tare da ragowar a madadin wasu masu yawon bude ido 120. Hakanan yana sarrafa hanyoyin shakatawa na shekara-shekara zuwa Cyprus da wuraren shakatawa na Spain da Portugal.
Unitungiyar iska: Airungiyar iska na iya komawa zuwa: Yaƙin jirgin sama Mai kula da iska Darajan Carbon Jirgin 'yan sanda
Unitungiyar iska: Airungiyar iska na iya komawa zuwa: Yaƙin jirgin sama Mai kula da iska Darajan Carbon Jirgin 'yan sanda
Unitungiyar iska: Airungiyar iska na iya komawa zuwa: Yaƙin jirgin sama Mai kula da iska Darajan Carbon Jirgin 'yan sanda
Blog Masu amfani da AIR: Blog ɗin Masu Amfani da AIR ya kasance blog ne game da abubuwan toshe AIR don Kayan aikin Pro. An fara shi a cikin Oktoba 2008 ta Rasha Hughes, wani mawaƙi da ke zaune a London, United Kingdom. Wannan shine ainihin yankin kusan masu amfani da 50,000 a wata. Shi ne mai zaman kansa kuma ba shi da alaƙa ta hukuma tare da Avid Technology, masu software.
Jirgin iska mai matsawa: Motar iska mai matse iska-iska ce wacce take amfani da injin da iska mai matse iska take aiki. Ana iya amfani da motar ta iska kawai, ko a haɗa shi da mai, dizal, ethanol, ko kuma injin lantarki tare da yin birki na sake sabuntawa.
Gudun iska: Saurin iska na iya komawa zuwa: Gudun iska, saurin iska Jirgin sama, saurin jirgi dangane da iska.
Samun iska (gine): Samun iska shine gangancin gabatar da iska a cikin sarari. Samun iska ana amfani dashi galibi don sarrafa ingancin iska ta cikin narkewa da kuma gurɓata gurɓatan cikin gida; Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don sarrafa zafin jiki na ciki, zafi, da motsi na iska don fa'idantar da yanayin zafi, gamsuwa da sauran fannoni na yanayin cikin gida, ko wasu manufofi.
Bututu (kwarara): Hanyoyin ruwa sune hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su a dumama, samun iska, da kwandishan (HVAC) don isar da cire iska. Hanyoyin iska da ake buƙata sun haɗa da, misali, samar da iska , iska mai dawowa , da iska mai ƙarewa . Hakanan bututan ruwa galibi suna isar da iska mai iska a matsayin wani ɓangare na iska. Saboda haka, bututun iska wata hanya ce ta tabbatar da ingancin iska mai kyau cikin gida da kuma jin daɗin thermal.
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama: Mataimakin-marshal na sama ( AVM ) shine matsayi na tauraruwa guda biyu wanda ya samo asali kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da shi ta Royal Air Force. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan darajar ta sojojin sama na ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin tasirin Biritaniya na tarihi kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi azaman fassarar Ingilishi na matsayi daidai a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda ke da tsari na musamman na rundunar iska ba ta Ingilishi ba. Ana iya kiran mataimakin-marshals na iska gaba ɗaya kamar "marshal iska".
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama: Mataimakin-marshal na sama ( AVM ) shine matsayi na tauraruwa guda biyu wanda ya samo asali kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da shi ta Royal Air Force. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan darajar ta sojojin sama na ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin tasirin Biritaniya na tarihi kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi azaman fassarar Ingilishi na matsayi daidai a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda ke da tsari na musamman na rundunar iska ba ta Ingilishi ba. Ana iya kiran mataimakin-marshals na iska gaba ɗaya kamar "marshal iska".
Mataimakin Marshal na jirgin sama (Ostiraliya): Mataimakin-Marshal shine matsayi na uku mafi girman matsayi na Royal Australian Air Force kuma an kirkireshi azaman daidai da darajar Royal Royal Air Force na mataimakin-marshal na iska. Hakanan ana ɗauka matsayin daraja biyu. Ofishin Jirgin Sama na Australiya ya karɓi tsarin darajar RAF a ranar 9 Nuwamba Nuwamba 1920 kuma magajin nasa, Royal Australian Air Force ya ci gaba da wannan amfani.
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama: Mataimakin-marshal na sama ( AVM ) shine matsayi na tauraruwa guda biyu wanda ya samo asali kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da shi ta Royal Air Force. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan darajar ta sojojin sama na ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin tasirin Biritaniya na tarihi kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi azaman fassarar Ingilishi na matsayi daidai a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda ke da tsari na musamman na rundunar iska ba ta Ingilishi ba. Ana iya kiran mataimakin-marshals na iska gaba ɗaya kamar "marshal iska".
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama: Mataimakin-marshal na sama ( AVM ) shine matsayi na tauraruwa guda biyu wanda ya samo asali kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da shi ta Royal Air Force. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan darajar ta sojojin sama na ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin tasirin Biritaniya na tarihi kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi azaman fassarar Ingilishi na matsayi daidai a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda ke da tsari na musamman na rundunar iska ba ta Ingilishi ba. Ana iya kiran mataimakin-marshals na iska gaba ɗaya kamar "marshal iska".
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama: Mataimakin-marshal na sama ( AVM ) shine matsayi na tauraruwa guda biyu wanda ya samo asali kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da shi ta Royal Air Force. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan darajar ta sojojin sama na ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin tasirin Biritaniya na tarihi kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi azaman fassarar Ingilishi na matsayi daidai a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda ke da tsari na musamman na rundunar iska ba ta Ingilishi ba. Ana iya kiran mataimakin-marshals na iska gaba ɗaya kamar "marshal iska".
Mataimakin Marshal na jirgin sama (Ostiraliya): Mataimakin-Marshal shine matsayi na uku mafi girman matsayi na Royal Australian Air Force kuma an kirkireshi azaman daidai da darajar Royal Royal Air Force na mataimakin-marshal na iska. Hakanan ana ɗauka matsayin daraja biyu. Ofishin Jirgin Sama na Australiya ya karɓi tsarin darajar RAF a ranar 9 Nuwamba Nuwamba 1920 kuma magajin nasa, Royal Australian Air Force ya ci gaba da wannan amfani.
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama (Indiya): Air Marshal babban tauraro ne na sama a cikin Sojan Sama na Indiya. Shine matsayi na uku mafi girma a cikin Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Indiya. Mataimakin marshal na sama yana sama da tauraruwa daya mai darajar sama da kuma ƙasa da daraja tauraruwa uku na tashar jiragen sama.
Mataimakin marshal na jirgin sama: Mataimakin-marshal na sama ( AVM ) shine matsayi na tauraruwa guda biyu wanda ya samo asali kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da shi ta Royal Air Force. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan darajar ta sojojin sama na ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da tasirin tasirin Biritaniya na tarihi kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi azaman fassarar Ingilishi na matsayi daidai a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda ke da tsari na musamman na rundunar iska ba ta Ingilishi ba. Ana iya kiran mataimakin-marshals na iska gaba ɗaya kamar "marshal iska".
Kayan aiki na iska: A cikin yanayin kwaikwayon kiɗa, kayan kiɗa na kirkirarrun kayan kiɗa ne wanda mutane suke kwaikwayon isharar samar da sauti a cikin iska ba tare da taɓa ainihin kayan aiki ba. A cikin sauƙi kalmomin iska sune kayan kiɗa waɗanda za a iya kunna ba tare da taɓa ainihin kayan aikin ba. Kayan iska sun hada da: guitar ta iska - don guitar ta lantarki ko guitar mai acoustic; air bass - don guitar bass; gangunan iska - don ƙwanƙwasa tarkon, bongos ko ƙararrawa, ko galibi galibi ana saita ganga ta iska sau da yawa tare da takaddun bass biyu; madannin iska - kamar piano na iska don piano; violin na iska - don goge ko sillo; sarewar iska - don sarewa; iska xylophone - don xylophone; ƙaho na iska - don ƙaho; air trombone - don trombone.
Jirgin sama na iska: Wurin igiyar iska wani yanki ne na makami wanda ke sakin fitinar iska mai kamannin donut - kama da zoben hayaki amma ya fi girma, ƙarfi da ganuwa. Vortices suna iya ruffle gashi, hargitsi takardu ko busa kyandirori bayan sun yi tafiyar mitoci da yawa.
Jerin wuraren jirgin sama na Wales: Air Wales ya yi amfani da waɗannan wurare masu zuwa:
Sararin iska (sadarwar): An iska rata, iska bango, iska gapping ko katse cibiyar sadarwa ne a cibiyar sadarwa tsaro gwargwado aiki a kan daya ko fiye kwakwalwa don tabbatar da cewa wani amintacce kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa yana jiki ware daga unsecured networks, kamar da jama'a Internet, ko wani unsecured gida yankin cibiyar sadarwa. Yana nufin kwamfuta ko cibiyar sadarwar ba ta da hanyoyin sadarwar da aka haɗa da wasu hanyoyin sadarwar, tare da raunin iska na zahiri ko na ra'ayi, kwatankwacin ratar iska da ake amfani da ita a aikin fanfo don kiyaye ingancin ruwa.
Yaƙin jirgin sama: Yakin sararin samaniya shine amfani da jirgin sama na soja da sauran injunan tashi sama a yaƙi. Yaƙe-yaƙe ta sama ya haɗa da masu tayar da bamabamai kai hari wuraren girke abokan gaba ko tara yawan sojojin abokan gaba ko maƙasudin manufa; jirgin saman yaki da ke gwagwarmaya don kula da sararin samaniya; kai harin jirgin sama wanda ke shiga cikin tallafin iska kusa da makasudin ƙasa; jirgin sama na jiragen ruwa da ke shawagi a kan teku da wuraren da ke kusa; jirage masu saukar ungulu, jirage masu saukar ungulu da sauran jirage domin daukar dakaru masu dauke da iska kamar jiragen sama; jiragen dakon mai na jirgi don fadada lokaci ko zangon aiki; da jirgin jigilar sojoji don kwashe kaya da ma'aikata. A tarihance, jiragen sama na soja sun hada da balan-balan masu iska wadanda ke dauke da masu lura da makaman atilare; jirgin sama mai iska fiye da iska don garuruwan da ke jefa bam; nau'ikan hangen nesa, sa ido da jirgin saman gargadi na farko dauke da masu sa ido, kyamarori da kayan aikin radar; masu tayar da bama-bamai don kai hari kan jigilar abokan gaba; da kuma jirgin sama na sojan sama da ke ceton jiragen ruwa don ceton mayaƙan jirgin. Yakin sararin samaniya na zamani ya hada da makamai masu linzami da motocin marasa matuka. Da alama sojojin saman zasu mayar da martani ga aikin iska na abokan gaba tare da yaƙin jirgin sama.
Yaƙin jirgin sama: Yakin sararin samaniya shine amfani da jirgin sama na soja da sauran injunan tashi sama a yaƙi. Yaƙe-yaƙe ta sama ya haɗa da masu tayar da bamabamai kai hari wuraren girke abokan gaba ko tara yawan sojojin abokan gaba ko maƙasudin manufa; jirgin saman yaki da ke gwagwarmaya don kula da sararin samaniya; kai harin jirgin sama wanda ke shiga cikin tallafin iska kusa da makasudin ƙasa; jirgin sama na jiragen ruwa da ke shawagi a kan teku da wuraren da ke kusa; jirage masu saukar ungulu, jirage masu saukar ungulu da sauran jirage domin daukar dakaru masu dauke da iska kamar jiragen sama; jiragen dakon mai na jirgi don fadada lokaci ko zangon aiki; da jirgin jigilar sojoji don kwashe kaya da ma'aikata. A tarihance, jiragen sama na soja sun hada da balan-balan masu iska wadanda ke dauke da masu lura da makaman atilare; jirgin sama mai iska fiye da iska don garuruwan da ke jefa bam; nau'ikan hangen nesa, sa ido da jirgin saman gargadi na farko dauke da masu sa ido, kyamarori da kayan aikin radar; masu tayar da bama-bamai don kai hari kan jigilar abokan gaba; da kuma jirgin sama na sojan sama da ke ceton jiragen ruwa don ceton mayaƙan jirgin. Yakin sararin samaniya na zamani ya hada da makamai masu linzami da motocin marasa matuka. Da alama sojojin saman zasu mayar da martani ga aikin iska na abokan gaba tare da yaƙin jirgin sama.
Yaƙin jirgin sama na Yaƙin Duniya na II: Yaƙin sama na Yaƙin Duniya na II ya kasance babban sifa a duk gidajen wasan kwaikwayon na yaƙi kuma, tare da yaƙin yaƙi da jirgin sama , ya cinye yawancin ɓangarorin masana'antar masana'antu na manyan ƙasashe. Jamus da Japan sun dogara ga sojojin sama waɗanda ke haɗe da sojojin ƙasa da na ruwa; ikon Axis ya rage fa'idodi na jiragen ruwan bama-bamai masu mahimmanci, kuma sun makara wajen yabawa da bukatar kare kariya daga harin bam na hadin gwiwa. Ya bambanta, Birtaniyya da Amurka sun ɗauki matakin da ya ba da muhimmanci sosai kan bama-bamai, da ikon sarrafa filin daga ta iska, da isassun kariya ta iska. Burtaniya da Amurka duka sun gina manyan dabarun manyan manyan bama-bamai masu dogon zango. Lokaci guda, sun gina mayaƙan iska na dabaru waɗanda zasu iya cin galaba akan iska akan fagen daga, don haka bada muhimmiyar taimako ga sojojin ƙasa. US da Royal Navy suma sun gina wani katafaren bangare na jirgin ruwa wanda ya danganci dako, kamar yadda Jafanawa; wadannan sun taka rawar gani a yakin teku.
Yaƙin jirgin sama a Yugoslavia (1941–45): Yakin sama yayin yakin duniya na II a Yugoslavia ya fafata da Sojan Sama na Yugoslav, duka Royal da NOVJ, Sojan Sama na Amurka (USAAF), Royal Air Force (RAF), gami da Sojan Sama na Balkan, da Sojan Sama na Soviet a kan Luftwaffe na Jamus. , Regia Aeronautica na Italiya da Sojan Sama na Independentasar Croatiaancin ofasa ta Croatia. Latterarshen ya ba da yawancin goyan baya don ayyukan ƙasa da 'yan Partisans. Dakarun kawancen sun yi yakin basasa mai yawa a kokarinsu na raunana karfin da Axis ke da shi a kasar.
Yaƙin jirgin sama a Yugoslavia (1941–45): Yakin sama yayin yakin duniya na II a Yugoslavia ya fafata da Sojan Sama na Yugoslav, duka Royal da NOVJ, Sojan Sama na Amurka (USAAF), Royal Air Force (RAF), gami da Sojan Sama na Balkan, da Sojan Sama na Soviet a kan Luftwaffe na Jamus. , Regia Aeronautica na Italiya da Sojan Sama na Independentasar Croatiaancin ofasa ta Croatia. Latterarshen ya ba da yawancin goyan baya don ayyukan ƙasa da 'yan Partisans. Dakarun kawancen sun yi yakin basasa mai yawa a kokarinsu na raunana karfin da Axis ke da shi a kasar.
Jirgin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na 1: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya shi ne babban rikici na farko da ya shafi yawan amfani da jirgin sama. An riga an yi amfani da balan-balan ɗin da aka haɗa a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma za a yi amfani da shi sosai don gano manyan bindigogi. Jamus ta yi amfani da Zeppelins don aikin leƙen asiri a kan Tekun Arewa da Baltic da kuma kai hare-haren bama-bamai kan Biritaniya da Gabashin Gabas.
Jirgin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na 1: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya shi ne babban rikici na farko da ya shafi yawan amfani da jirgin sama. An riga an yi amfani da balan-balan ɗin da aka haɗa a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma za a yi amfani da shi sosai don gano manyan bindigogi. Jamus ta yi amfani da Zeppelins don aikin leƙen asiri a kan Tekun Arewa da Baltic da kuma kai hare-haren bama-bamai kan Biritaniya da Gabashin Gabas.
Yaƙin jirgin sama na Yaƙin Duniya na II: Yaƙin sama na Yaƙin Duniya na II ya kasance babban sifa a duk gidajen wasan kwaikwayon na yaƙi kuma, tare da yaƙin yaƙi da jirgin sama , ya cinye yawancin ɓangarorin masana'antar masana'antu na manyan ƙasashe. Jamus da Japan sun dogara ga sojojin sama waɗanda ke haɗe da sojojin ƙasa da na ruwa; ikon Axis ya rage fa'idodi na jiragen ruwan bama-bamai masu mahimmanci, kuma sun makara wajen yabawa da bukatar kare kariya daga harin bam na hadin gwiwa. Ya bambanta, Birtaniyya da Amurka sun ɗauki matakin da ya ba da muhimmanci sosai kan bama-bamai, da ikon sarrafa filin daga ta iska, da isassun kariya ta iska. Burtaniya da Amurka duka sun gina manyan dabarun manyan manyan bama-bamai masu dogon zango. Lokaci guda, sun gina mayaƙan iska na dabaru waɗanda zasu iya cin galaba akan iska akan fagen daga, don haka bada muhimmiyar taimako ga sojojin ƙasa. US da Royal Navy suma sun gina wani katafaren bangare na jirgin ruwa wanda ya danganci dako, kamar yadda Jafanawa; wadannan sun taka rawar gani a yakin teku.
Jirgin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na 1: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya shi ne babban rikici na farko da ya shafi yawan amfani da jirgin sama. An riga an yi amfani da balan-balan ɗin da aka haɗa a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma za a yi amfani da shi sosai don gano manyan bindigogi. Jamus ta yi amfani da Zeppelins don aikin leƙen asiri a kan Tekun Arewa da Baltic da kuma kai hare-haren bama-bamai kan Biritaniya da Gabashin Gabas.
Jirgin Sama a Yaƙin Duniya na 1: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya shi ne babban rikici na farko da ya shafi yawan amfani da jirgin sama. An riga an yi amfani da balan-balan ɗin da aka haɗa a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma za a yi amfani da shi sosai don gano manyan bindigogi. Jamus ta yi amfani da Zeppelins don aikin leƙen asiri a kan Tekun Arewa da Baltic da kuma kai hare-haren bama-bamai kan Biritaniya da Gabashin Gabas.
Jamhuriyar Singapore Sojan Sama: Jamhuriyar Sojan Sama ta Singapore ( RSAF ) sashin iska ne na Sojojin Singapore. An fara kafa shi ne a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1968 a matsayin Kwamandan Tsaron Jirgin Sama na Singapore (SADC). A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1975, aka sake mata suna Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
Jamhuriyar Singapore Sojan Sama: Jamhuriyar Sojan Sama ta Singapore ( RSAF ) sashin iska ne na Sojojin Singapore. An fara kafa shi ne a ranar 1 ga Satumba 1968 a matsayin Kwamandan Tsaron Jirgin Sama na Singapore (SADC). A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1975, aka sake mata suna Jamhuriyar Singapore Air Force.
Yaƙin jirgin sama a Yugoslavia (1941–45): Yakin sama yayin yakin duniya na II a Yugoslavia ya fafata da Sojan Sama na Yugoslav, duka Royal da NOVJ, Sojan Sama na Amurka (USAAF), Royal Air Force (RAF), gami da Sojan Sama na Balkan, da Sojan Sama na Soviet a kan Luftwaffe na Jamus. , Regia Aeronautica na Italiya da Sojan Sama na Independentasar Croatiaancin ofasa ta Croatia. Latterarshen ya ba da yawancin goyan baya don ayyukan ƙasa da 'yan Partisans. Dakarun kawancen sun yi yakin basasa mai yawa a kokarinsu na raunana karfin da Axis ke da shi a kasar.
Wargaming na iska: Wargaming na iska , kamar wargaming na sojan ruwa, ƙwararren masani ne a cikin manyan abubuwan da ake sha'awa na wargaming. Dangane da ɗan gajeren lokacin da yaƙi na sama ya ɓullo da lokacin yaƙi a iska yakan rabu zuwa manyan lokuta uku: Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya - daga farkon yaƙi a iska zuwa 1920s Yaƙin Duniya na II - 1930s zuwa farkon 1950s "Na zamani" - zamanin makami mai linzami
Gargadin gargadi na farko: Radar gargadi da wuri ita ce duk wani tsarin radar da ake amfani da shi domin gano nesa mai nisa, ma'ana, kyale a fadakar da masu kariya tun da wuri kafin mai kutsawar ya isa ga abin da yake so, yana baiwa iska iska matsakaicin lokacin da zata yi aiki . Wannan ya bambanta da tsarin da aka yi amfani da shi da farko don sa ido ko sanya bindiga, wanda ke ba da gajeren zango amma yana ba da daidaito mafi girma.
Yanayin janareta na yanayi: Injin janareta na sararin samaniya ( AWG ) wani inji ne wanda yake debo ruwa daga iska mai danshi. Za a iya fitar da tururin ruwa a cikin iska ta hanyar sanyawa - sanyaya iska a ƙasa da inda take da raɓa, fallasa iska ga masu lalata, ko matse iska. Ba kamar mai cire danshi ba, an tsara AWG don bayar da ruwan sha. AWGs suna da amfani a inda tsaftataccen ruwan sha yake da wahala ko kuma ba zai yuwu a samu ba, saboda kusan a koyaushe akwai ƙaramin ruwa a iska wanda za'a iya fitarwa. Hanyoyi biyu na farko da ake amfani dasu sune sanyaya da kuma cire abubuwa.
Airwatt: Airwatt ko iska watt sashi ne na auna tasirin tasirin tsabtace injin wanda yake nuni zuwa iska da kuma adadin ƙarfin (watts) mai tsabtace injin da yake samarwa da amfani dashi. iska mai gudana ta hanyar budewa, wanda yake da alaka da makamashin da wutar lantarki ke bi ta wayoyin wutar lantarki (wattage).
Labarin Airwave: Litattafan Airwave labarai ne da ake bayarwa ta gidajen rediyo. Lokaci ne da galibi ake amfani dashi a cikin al'adun Hong Kong. Labaran na iya zama ko'ina daga mintina 15 zuwa awowi.
Air waybill: Takardar izinin jirgin sama ( AWB ) ko takaddar jigilar iska ita ce takardar shaidar da kamfanin jirgin sama na duniya ya bayar don kaya da kuma shaidar kwangilar ɗaukar kaya. Ba takardar takaddama ce ta kayan ba. Jirgin sama ba iska bane.
Tsarin bam: Yankin tashin bamabamai yawanci yana nufin bam din soja mai nisa da kuma horo na bindiga wanda jiragen yaki ke amfani da shi don kai hari kan wuraren da ake kaiwa, ko wani yanki mai nisa da aka tanada don bincike, ci gaba, gwadawa da kimanta sabbin makamai da albarusai. Ana amfani da kewayon fashewar bama-bamai don daidaiton kai tsaye na bama-bamai na sama mai saurin tashin hankali, manyan bindigogi masu shiryarwa da sauran kayan yaki na jirgin sama, sabanin zangon harbe-harben da yara da tankuna suke amfani da shi. Ana amfani da nau'ikan "fashewar bamabamai" wadanda ba masu fashewa ba sosai don daidaiton aikin kai harin bam - don yin kwatankwacin bama-bamai na iska mai saurin fashewa da rage lalacewa da tasirin muhalli ga kewayon bama-bamai.
Iska da kyau: Rijiyar iska na iya komawa zuwa: Kyakkyawan iska (mai sanya kwalliya), tsari ko na'urar da aka tsara don inganta haɓakar danshi na yanayi Kyakkyawan iska (samun iska), fasalin tsarin gine-ginen da aka tsara don inganta iska
Rijiya mai kyau (mai sanyawa): Rijiyar iska ko rijiyar iska wani tsari ne ko kayan aiki wanda yake tara ruwa ta hanyar inganta yanayin danshi daga iska. Tsara don rijiyoyin iska suna da yawa kuma suna da banbanci, amma mafi sauƙin zane-zane suna wucewa gabaɗaya, basa buƙatar tushen makamashi na waje kuma basuda kaɗan, idan akwai, masu motsi.
Iska da kyau: Rijiyar iska na iya komawa zuwa: Kyakkyawan iska (mai sanya kwalliya), tsari ko na'urar da aka tsara don inganta haɓakar danshi na yanayi Kyakkyawan iska (samun iska), fasalin tsarin gine-ginen da aka tsara don inganta iska
Haske: A cikin gine-gine, hasken haske , rijiyar sama , ko kuma shaft sarari ne na waje wanda ba a ɓoye shi ba wanda aka bayar cikin ƙarar babban gini don ba da damar haske da iska su isa ga abin da zai zama wuri mai duhu ko mara shinge. Lightwells na iya zama layi mai haske da tubalin ƙara hasken rana a cikin sararin samaniya.
Horar da ƙaho: Furucin jirgin ƙasa ko bushewar iska wani abu ne na sigina da ake iya ji a jikin jirgin, wanda ake amfani da shi don gargaɗin cewa jirgin yana gabatowa, da kuma sadarwa tare da ma'aikatan jirgin. Diesel na zamani da locomotives na lantarki da farko suna amfani da ƙahon iska mai ƙarfi maimakon busawa a matsayin na'urar gargaɗi mai sauraro. Koyaya, masu jigilar jiragen ƙasa suna ci gaba da amfani da kalmar ƙaho don magana akan irin ayyukan sigina kamar '' busa bushewa ''.
Wick iska: Air Wick wani nau'ikan iska ne na Ba'amurke wanda mallakar kamfanin Burtaniya na Reckitt. Wanda ya kirkireshi Guy Paschal ne ya fara kirkirar sa a shekarar 1943 a kasar Amurka, kuma yanzu haka ana sayar dashi a duk duniya.
Wing (ƙungiyar soja): A cikin jirgin sama na soja, reshe yanki ne na umarni. A yawancin sabis na jirgin sama na soja, reshe babban tsari ne na samfuran jirage. A cikin Commonasashen Commonwealth wani firafiyya yawanci ya ƙunshi ƙungiyar sojoji uku, tare da fuka-fuki da yawa da ke kafa rukuni. Kowane rukuni zai ƙunshi jiragen sama kusan 20.
Jerin wuraren da ake nufi da Air Wisconsin: Mai zuwa jerin wuraren da Air Wisconsin yayi amfani dasu har zuwa watan Satumbar 2020 tare da kamfanin jirgin sama da ke aiki a matsayin United Express a madadin United Airlines tare da duk jiragen da ke aiki tare da Kanadair Jets. Dangane da cutar ta COVID-19, an rage hanyar sadarwar Air Wisconsin na ɗan lokaci. da aka jera a ƙasa wannan sashin.
AIR a Duniya: AIR a duk duniya samfurin samfurin Amurka ne mai haɗari da kamfanin nazarin bayanai wanda ke da hedkwata a Boston, Massachusetts, tare da abokan ciniki a cikin inshora, sakewa, sabis na kuɗi, da kasuwannin gwamnati. AIR ƙwararre ne kan software da sabis na samfurin ƙirar bala'i don sarrafa yuwuwar asara daga masifu na ɗabi'a, ta'addanci, annoba, bala'i da bala'i, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru ta yanar gizo. Shugaba na yanzu Bill Churney ne ke jagorantar sa kuma yana aiki da ofisoshi tara a duniya.
Takaddun Airworthiness: Takaddar takaddar takaddama ta gaskiya ita ce izini don fasinja na kasuwanci ko aikin jigilar kaya, wanda aka bayar don jirgi daga hukumar kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta ƙasa a cikin ƙasa / ƙasa da aka yi rajistar jirgin. Don sauran jiragen sama kamar masu fesa amfanin gona, dole ne a bayar da Takaddun Takaddama na Musamman.
Warfin wuta: Warfin maɓallin wuta shine nau'in maƙallan da aka ba da shi ta wasu hanyoyi ba ƙarfin mutum ba. Abun tushen tushen asalin shine iska mai matse iska. Akwai mahimman nau'ikan maɓuɓɓugan wreniya guda biyu: tasirin wrenches da maƙogwaron raƙuman iska ko maƙogwaron numfashi na pneumatic .
Jirgin ruwa: Jirgin sama jirgin sama ne mai zaman kansa, yawanci jirgin ruwa mai tashi. Sun haɓaka tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙe a matsayin nishaɗi da alamar matsayi ga attajiran attajirai.
Dioscorea bulbifera: Dioscorea bulbifera wani nau'in yam ne na gaskiya a cikin yam yam, Dioscoreaceae. Asali ne na Afirka, Asiya da arewacin Ostiraliya. An noma shi sosai kuma ya zama mai wayewa a yankuna da yawa.
Jirgin saman Zimbabwe: Air Zimbabwe (Pvt) Ltd ne kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki na Zimbabwe, wanda ke da hedkwata a filin jirgin saman Harare na Harare. Daga tashar da ke Filin Jirgin Saman Kasa da Kasa na Harare, kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki ya yi amfani da hanyar sadarwa a kudancin Afirka wanda ya hada da Asiya da London-Gatwick. Bayan matsalolin kudi, kamfanin Air Zimbabwe ya daina aiki a karshen watan Fabrairun 2012. Aikin da ya rage na sadarwar cikin gida, kamfanin ya ci gaba da aiki na wani dan karamin lokaci tsakanin Mayu da farkon Yulin 2012, lokacin da aka sake dakatar da jiragen. An sake fara jigilar wasu jirage ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a cikin Nuwamba wannan shekarar. Kamfanin jirgin ya sake yin aiki da wasu hanyoyin cikin gida gami da hidimomin yanki zuwa Johannesburg a kowace rana a cikin Afrilu 2013.
Nike, Inc: Nike, Inc. wani kamfani ne na ƙasashe daban-daban na Amurka wanda ke tsunduma cikin ƙira, ci gaba, ƙera masana'antu, da kasuwancin duniya da tallace-tallace na takalmi, tufafi, kayan aiki, kayan haɗi, da sabis. Kamfanin yana da hedkwatarsa ​​kusa da Beaverton, Oregon, a cikin yankin babban birnin Portland. Ita ce babbar mai samar da takalmin motsa jiki da tufafi kuma babbar masana'anta ce ta kayan wasanni, tare da kudaden shiga sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 37.4 a cikin kasafin kudinta na shekarar 2020. Zuwa shekarar 2020, ta dauki mutane 76,700 aiki a duniya. A cikin 2020 alamar kawai an ƙididdige fiye da dala biliyan 32, yana mai da shi mafi kyawun alama tsakanin kasuwancin wasanni. A baya can a cikin 2017, samfurin Nike ya kai dala biliyan 29.6. Nike ta kasance mai lamba 89 a cikin jerin 500 Fortune 500 na manyan kamfanonin Amurka ta hanyar kudaden shiga gaba daya.
Air Åland: Air Åland AB shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama na lardin Åland, tare da babban ofishinta a harabar Filin jirgin saman Mariehamn a Mariehamn, Åland, Finland. Yana gudanar da ayyukan da aka tsara daga Åland zuwa Helsinki da Stockholm. Babban tushen sa shine Filin jirgin saman Mariehamn. An fara daga 1 ga Yuli 2012, an mika ayyukansa ga kamfanin NextJet na Sweden.
Air Åland: Air Åland AB shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama na lardin Åland, tare da babban ofishinta a harabar Filin jirgin saman Mariehamn a Mariehamn, Åland, Finland. Yana gudanar da ayyukan da aka tsara daga Åland zuwa Helsinki da Stockholm. Babban tushen sa shine Filin jirgin saman Mariehamn. An fara daga 1 ga Yuli 2012, an mika ayyukansa ga kamfanin NextJet na Sweden.
Guerchais-Roche oumouchet: Arsenal Émouchet , wanda aka fi sani da Sports Aériens oumouchet , Air Émouchet , ko Guerchais-Roche oumouchet , aikin ƙarami ne, wanda aka shirya kuma aka fara samar dashi a Faransa lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. Yawan adadi ya ci gaba bayan yakin, lokacin da ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sake ba da damar motsa jirgin Faransa cikin kungiyoyinsa.
Air à boire: Air à boire kalma ce ta Faransanci wacce aka yi amfani da ita tsakanin tsakiyar ƙarni na 17 da tsakiyar ƙarni na 18 don "waƙar sha". Wadannan gabaɗaya sun kasance masu motsawa, waƙoƙin silabi zuwa matani mai haske. Wanda ya gabace ta shine chanson zuba boire , bambancin yafi yawa shine chansons zuba boire don murya daya ce tare da kayan kaɗe-kaɗe , yayin da ai à boire galibi suna da fiye da murya ɗaya.
Jirgin Sama - Jirgin Sama Turai: Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama Turai. s ro ƙwararren kamfanin jirgin sama ne na Slovak wanda ke zaune a Poprad. Ta amfani da jirgin kasuwanci da jirgi mai saukar ungulu, yana aiwatar da jigilar kai tsaye, sabis ɗin likitancin gaggawa na helikopta (HEMS), ayyukan iska da kwangilar sabis ɗin helikofta. Hakanan cibiyar sabis ce mai izini don jirage masu saukar ungulu na AgustaWestland da MIL. Babban tushensa shine Filin jirgin saman Kasa da Kasa na Poprad-Tatry (TAT), tare da wasu sansanonin a Košice International Airport (KSC), MR Štefánik Airport (BTS) Bratislava, Banská Bystrica, Nitra, Trenčín da Žilina. ATE shine mai ba da sansanonin 7 HEMS a cikin Slovakia da ɗayan HEMS a Olomouc, Czech Republic